The arid and semiarid regions of Uzbekistan are sensitive vulnerable to climate change. However, the sparse very unevenly distributed meteorological stations within region provide limited data for studying region’s variation. aim this work was evaluate performance European Centre Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Re-Analysis (ERA)-Interim ERA5 products fields near-surface temperature, humi...

Abstract. Trace gas transport in the lower stratosphere is investigated by analysing seasonal and inter-annual variations of the age of air spectrum – the probability distribution of stratospheric transit times. Age spectra are obtained using the Lagrangian transport model CLaMS driven by ERA-Interim winds and total diabatic heating rates, and using a time-evolving boundary-impulse-response (BI...

This manuscript presents calculations of the seasonal and inter annual variations in the stratospheric age spectrum obtained from the CLaMS model driven by ERA-Interim winds. The manuscript contains some interesting and new results that certainly warrant publication. However, the manuscript is not very well focused, does a poor job of discussing previous studies, and some of the major conclusio...

This paper studies the 11-year solar cycle signal in Earth’s surface using historical datasets and the surface evidence is further supported by the zonal mean vertical profile using ERA-Interim and previously archived model simulations. The authors present many surface and zonal mean quantities that are composited between high and low solar years. Although majority of the results presented here...