Using comprehensive company-level ownership data from Japan, the authors found that the equity size premium correlates strongly with the investment flows of international institutional investors. When investment flows intensified and shifted into larger stocks in the mid-1990s, the equity size premium was reversed. Their findings suggest that a large fraction of the time variation in the size p...

A new class of foreign equity option pricing model is suggested that not only allows for the volatility but also for the correlation coefficient to vary stochastically over time. A modified Jacobi process is proposed to evaluate risk premium of the stochastic correlation, and a partial differential equation to price the correlation risk for the foreign equity has been set up, whose solution has...

This paper studies the asset pricing implication of imprecise knowledge about rare events. Modeling rare events as jumps in the aggregate endowment, we explicitly solve the equilibrium asset prices in a pure-exchange economy with a representative agent who is averse not only to risk but also to model uncertainty with respect to rare events. The equilibrium equity premium has three components: t...

We provide evidence that the risk of changes in equity correlations is priced, using data on S&P100 options and options on all the stocks in the index. We develop a model for equity prices with priced correlation risk, which generates (i) option-implied correlations that exceed realized correlations, (ii) a zero difference between implied and realized equity variances, (iii) endogenous stochast...

This paper presents a dynamic portfolio choice model to analyze the liquidity premium necessary to compensate an investor for the adverse price impact of trading. By calibrating the model to empirically reasonable parameter values, we generate a plausible liquidity premium. Specifically, the premium is an increasing, concave function of price impact. It increases with the investor’s initial wea...

The theory of Rational Belief Equilibria (RBE) offers a unified paradigm for explaining market volatility by the effect of "Endogenous Uncertainty" on financial markets. This uncertainty is propagated within the economy (hence "endogenous") by the beliefs of asset traders. The theory of RBE was developed in a sequence of papers assembled in a recently published book (Kurz [1997]) and the presen...

Non-linear external habit persistence models, which feature prominently in the recent “equity premium” asset pricing and macroeconomics literature, generate counterfactual predictions in the cross-section of stock returns. In particular, we show that in the absence of crosssectional heterogeneity in firms’ cash-flow risk, these models produce a “growth premium,” that is, stocks with high price-...

When measured over decades in countries that have been relatively stable, returns from stocks have been substantially better than returns from bonds. This is often attributed to investors’ risk aversion: stocks are thought to be riskier than bonds, and so investors will pay less for an expected return from stocks than for the same expected return from bonds. The game-theoretic probability-free ...

The main purpose of this paper is to verify the effectiveness of the bivariate Component GARCH-in-mean (GARCHM) model and analyze the interactions and risk premium of equity markets by exploring the shortand long-run volatility components on both the Taiwanese and Japanese equity markets. We show that unexpected shocks of volatility will in general influence the fluctuations of both equity and ...

This article explains the high level and the countercyclical variation of the equity premium in a consumption-based asset pricing model with low large-scale risk aversion. Investors have gain-loss utility over consumption relative to slowly time-varying habit. Stocks deliver low returns in recessions when consumption falls below habit; investors therefore require a high premium for holding stoc...