Studies have suggested that enzootic strains of Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) subtype ID in the Amazon region, Peru, may be less pathogenic to humans than are epizootic variants. Deaths of 2 persons with evidence of acute VEE virus infection indicate that fatal VEEV infection in Peru is likely. Cases may remain underreported.

On the basis of the concept of interval valued intuitionistic fuzzy set introduced by K. Atanassov [3], the notion of interval valued intuitionistic fuzzy subsemigroup (ideal, bi-ideal, (1, 2)-ideal) of a semigroup with respect to t-norm T and s-norm S is given and the characteristic properties are described. The homomorphic image and inverse image are investigated. In particular, by the help o...

In this paper we define neutrosophic bi-LAsemigroup and neutrosophic N-LA-semigroup. Infact this paper is an extension of our previous paper neutrosophic left almost semigroup shortly neutrosophic LAsemigroup. We also extend the neutrosophic ideal to neutrosophic biideal and neutrosophic N-ideal. We also find some new type of neutrosophic ideal which is related to the strong or pure part of neu...

In this paper we shall introduce the concept of prime and semiprime bi-ideals of ordered semigroups and we give characterizations of prime bi-ideal and regular of ordered semigroups. Mathematics Subject Classification: 06F05

The concept of q , -fuzzy ternary subsemigroup (left, right, lateral, quasi-, bi-) ideal of a ternary semigroup is introduced and several related properties are investigated. We give some characterizations of regular and weakly regular ternary semigroups by q , -fuzzy left (right, lateral) ideals, q , -fuzzy quasi-ideals and q , -fuzzy bi-(generalized bi-) ideals.

More general forms of the paper by O. Kazanci and S. Yamak (Generalized fuzzy bi-ideals of semigroups, Soft Comput. 12, 1119–1124, 2008) are discussed. The notion of (∈,∈∨ qk)-fuzzy bi-ideals in a semigroup S is introduced, and several properties are investigated. Characterizations of an (∈,∈∨ qk)-fuzzy bi-ideal in a semigroup S are discussed.

The generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) holds great promise for the development of regenerative medicine therapies to treat a wide range of human diseases. However, the generation of iPSCs in the absence of integrative DNA vectors remains problematic. Here, we report a simple, highly reproducible RNA-based iPSC generation approach that utilizes a single, synthetic self-re...

In animals, 14-3-3 proteins bind two cell cycle proteins WEE1 and CDC25 stabilising their phosphorylated state. We report here for the first time interactions between WEE1 and 14-3-3 proteins both in vitro and in vivo in plants. The Arabidopsis 14-3-3 family partitions into either an Epsilon or Non-Epsilon group. In a yeast 2-hybrid screen Arabidopsis WEE1 interacted with the Non-Epsilon group....

Deciphering sequence information from sugar-phosphate backbone is finely tuned through the conformational substates of DNA. BII conformation, one of the conformational substates of B-DNA, is known to play a key role in DNA-protein recognition. BI and BII are identified by the epsilon-zeta difference, which is negative in BI and positive in BII. Our analysis of MD and crystal structures shows th...

Eastern equine encephalomyelitis (EEE), western equine encephalomyelitis (WEE), and Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (VEE) viruses are mosquito-borne pathogens that can cause nonspecific illnesses and encephalitis in equids (horses, mules, burros, donkeys and zebras) and humans in the Americas. Some of these viruses also affect birds and occasionally other mammals. No specific treatment is a...