introduction: epidermoid tumors comprise 1% of intracranial tumors. although reported, intraosseous epidermoid tumors are even more rare. cystic lesions of the petrous apex are uncommon and surgically challenging; the most rare pathology is presumed to be epidermoid.rncase presentation: this is a case of a 61-year-old woman with a large skull-base tumor extending inferiorly from the c1-c2 artic...

BACKGROUND One major defining characteristic of the basal keratinocytes of the stratified epithelium is the expression of the keratin genes K5 and K14. The temporal and spatial expression of these two genes is usually tightly and coordinately regulated at the transcriptional level. This ensures the obligate pairing of K5 and K14 proteins to generate an intermediate filament (IF) network that is...

While the Polycomb complex is known to regulate cell identity in ES cells, its role in controlling tissue-specific stem cells is not well understood. Here we show that removal of Ezh1 and Ezh2, key Polycomb subunits, from mouse skin results in a marked change in fate determination in epidermal progenitor cells, leading to an increase in the number of lineage-committed Merkel cells, a specialize...

We studied the development of the major extraganglionic components of the germinal plate in embryos of the glossiphoniid leech Helobdella triserialis to improve our understanding of the mechanism of segmental nerve formation. We examined the outgrowth of groups of axons from ganglionic neurons into the segmental nerves, the migration of peripheral neurons and epidermal specializations to their ...

Wnt signaling orchestrates morphogenetic processes in which changes in gene expression are associated with dramatic changes in cell organization within developing tissue/organs. Upon signaling, excess beta-catenin not utilized at cell-cell junctions becomes stabilized, where it can provide the transcriptional activating domain for Lef/Tcf DNA binding proteins. In skin epithelium, forced stabili...

Uniquely among mammalian organs, skin is capable of dramatic size change in adults, yet the mechanisms underlying this striking capacity are unclear. Here, we utilize a system controlled tissue expansion mice to uncover cellular and molecular determinants tension-induced growth. Through machine learning-guided three-dimensional reconstruction, capture morphometric changes growing skin. We find ...

Biological networks are inherently modular, yet little is known about how modules are assembled to enable coordinated and complex functions. We used RNAi and time series, whole-genome microarray analyses to systematically perturb and characterize components of a Caenorhabditis elegans lineage-specific transcriptional regulatory network. These data are supported by selected reporter gene analyse...

Neuregulin is required for proper oligodendrocyte development, but which receptors are involved and whether neuregulin promotes or inhibits maturation remain controversial. To assess the roles of the neuregulin receptor ErbB4 in oligodendrocyte development, we examined oligodendrocyte initiation and maturation in cultures derived from erbB4 knock-out mice and rat spinal cord in the presence of ...

Mesodermal and epidermal precursor cells undergo phenotypic changes during differentiation to the smooth muscle cell (SMC) lineage that are relevant to pathophysiological processes in the adult. Molecular mechanisms that underlie lineage determination and terminal differentiation of this cell type have received much attention, but the genetic program that regulates these processes has not been ...

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common types among lung cancers generally arising from terminal airway and understanding of multistep carcinogenesis crucial to develop novel therapeutic strategy for LUAD. Here we used human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) establish iHER2-hiPSCs in which doxycycline expression oncoprotein epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)/ERBB2. progenitor...