Supported gold nanoparticles (NPs), which are well-known epoxidation catalysts, were found to be exceptionally active for the selective deoxygenation of epoxides into alkenes using cheap and easily accessible CO and H(2)O as the reductant.

Oxygen is crucial for the survival of marine species. Yet, ocean has experienced a loss approximately 2% its oxygen inventory since last century, resulting in adverse impacts on life and ecosystems. In particular, changes gap between supply demand dissolved lead to physiological ecological variations, which cause alterations habitats food webs fish ecosystem services. These vary over time by re...

Herein, we describe a practical protocol for the removal of alcohol functional groups through reductive cleavage their benzoate ester analogs. This transformation requires strong single electron transfer (SET) reductant and means to accelerate slow fragmentation following substrate reduction. To accomplish this, developed photocatalytic system that generates potent from formate salts alongside ...

The three-component domino reactions of (E)-3-(dimethylamino)-1-arylprop-2-en-1-ones, 3-formylchromone and anilines under catalyst-free conditions afforded a library of novel (E)-3-(2-arylcarbonyl-3-(arylamino)allyl)-4H-chromen-4-ones in good to excellent yields and in a diastereoselective transformation. This transformation generates one C-C and one C-N bond and presumably proceeds via a react...

The conversion of renewable cellulosic biomass into fuels and chemicals has attracted increased attention with the growing demand for sustainability. However, one fundamental challenge is that saccharides, the major component of cellulosic biomass, are highly oxygen-rich when compared with the majority of current commodity chemicals and fuels. The polyol structure also generally presents poor s...

We have developed a highly efficient and green catalytic deoxygenation of epoxides to alkenes using gold nanoparticles (NPs) supported on hydrotalcite [HT: Mg(6)Al(2)CO(3)(OH)(16)] (Au/HT) with alcohols, CO/H(2)O or H(2) as the reducing reagent. Various epoxides were selectively converted to the corresponding alkenes. Among the novel metal NPs on HT, Au/HT was found to exhibit outstanding catal...

Deoxygenation of sickle cells is known to increase cation permeabilities (Na+, K+, and Ca2+). The possible mechanisms involved in the increased uptake of Ca2+ were investigated: activation of Ca2+ channels, involvement of the anion channel, and the formation of endocytic vacuoles. The Ca2+ channel blocker nifedipine reduced the deoxy-stimulated Ca2+ uptake by about 30% to 40%. The anion channel...

Most surgeons seem to favour the former method. Even when the erisophake is used instead of forceps, the technique of zonulolotomy and delivery of the lens remains essentially the same. Since the introduction of A.C.T., however, mechanical zonulolotomy has been replaced by enzymatic zonulolysis and the extraction of the lens by seizing it at the 12 o'clock position is being increasingly practis...