Psychological research has found that human perception of randomness is biased. In particular, people consistently show the overalternating bias: they rate binary sequences of symbols (such as Heads and Tails in coin flipping) with an excess of alternation as more random than prescribed by the normative criteria of Shannon's entropy. Within data mining for medical applications, Marcellin propos...

the estimate of entropy (sample entropy), has been introduced by vasicek (1976), for the first time. in this paper, we provide an estimate of entropy of order statistics, that is the extention of the entropy estimate. then we present an application of the entropy estimate of order statistics as a test statistic for symmetry of distribution versus skewness. the proposed test has been compared wi...

Abstract –The term ‘software entropy’ has been anecdotally defined to mean that software declines in quality, maintainability and understandability though its lifetime. While there are numerous software metrics that assess “snapshots” of software maintainability, few assess software degradation at multiple, discrete points in the life cycle. Assessing object-oriented (OO) software degradation i...

One of the key elements in production planning hierarchy is master production scheduling. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare thirteen alternative MPS development methods, including multi-objective optimization as well as twelve heuristics, in different operating conditions for multi-product single-level capacity-constrained production systems. We extract six critical criteria from...

Multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) is widely used in ranking one or more alternatives from a set of available alternatives with respect to multiple criteria. Inspired by MCDM which are methods to systematically evaluate alternatives, we propose a new Fuzzy TOPSIS for evaluating outsourcing software companies both using subjective and objective weights. While crisp data are inadequate to m...

This paper deals with Bayesian models given by statistical experiments and standard loss functions. Bayes probability of error and Bayes risk are estimated by means of classical and generalized information criteria applicable to the experiment. The accuracy of the estimation is studied. Among the information criteria studied in the paper is the class of posterior power entropies which includes ...

Radiatively inefficient accretion flows onto black holes are unstable due to both an outwardly decreasing entropy (“convection”) and an outwardly decreasing rotation rate (the “magnetorotational instability”, MRI). Using a linear magnetohydrodynamic stability analysis, we show that long-wavelength modes with λ/H ≫ β are primarily destabilized by the entropy gradient and that such “convective” m...

The phenomenon of over-reliance on subjective assignment is a challenging task in the information security risk assessment process. This study deals with this problem. We have presented a group decisionmaking information security risk assessment method by combining Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) with Information entropy. When AHP is used to assess the security risk of information systems, the...

Neural networks (NNs) are discriminative classifiers which have been successfully integrated with hidden Markov models (HMMs), either in the hybrid NN/HMM or tandem connectionist systems. Typically, the NNs are trained with the framebased cross-entropy criterion to classify phonemes or phoneme states. However, for word recognition, the word error rate is more closely related to the sequence cla...

We investigate the set of all minimal deterministic nite au-tomata accepting a given set of words and rejecting another given set of words. We present several criteria to order the exploration of the corresponding search space. Three criteria are shown to have a very good behavior with respect to the pruning they imply in the search space. Best results have been obtained for the preex ordering....