The objectives of this study were to measure the Furcation Entrance Dimensions of first and second permanent molars in Malaysian samples and to compare the Furcation Entrance Dimensions with the blade widths of periodontal Gracey’s curette used for root surface instrumentation. A total of 199 extracted permanent teeth were measured, which comprised of 51 mandibular first molars, 51 mandibular s...

IntroductionA fine balance of image quality and radiation dose can be achieved by optimization to minimize stochastic and deterministic effects. This study aimed in ensuring that images of acceptable quality for common radiographic examinations in digital imaging were produced without causing harmful effects. Materials and MethodsThe study was conducted in three phases. The pre-optimization inv...

this study was a part of national project to establish and optimize local and national diagnostic guidance levels. this work intends to evaluate image quality and entrance surface air kerma (esak) for patients' radiographic examinations in two north western provinces of country. two hospitals got involved in the present study. the rate of the rejected images and image quality grades were determ...

Sedimentation is one of the most important problems in harbors that results in considerable economic costs. Harbor planforms affects the flow pattern in the harbor basin and consequently, plays an important role in sediment transport and sedimentation. In the present study, a two dimensional depth-averaged hydrodynamic and sediment transport model has been developed to investigate the effect of...

background: the radiation doses resulting from diagnostic x-ray examinations are routinely measured in terms of entrance surface dose (esd) and effective dose (ed). in this study, for the purpose of radiation protection, the radiation doses received from digital chest x-ray examination were evaluated in terms of esd and ed. material and methods: the ed was calculated by using the mcnp monte car...

Background  It is remain a main concern that pediatric chest radiographies contribute to the significant radiation exposure to the thyroid gland as a more susceptible organ to radiation induced cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the entrance surface dose (ESD) of pediatric chest radiography compared to the diagnostic reference levels (DRL) and evaluation the efficacy of the lead (Pb)...