background and objective: vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) and its receptors (vegf-r1 and r2) are major regulators of angiogenesis. this study was designed to assess serum levels of vegf and vegf-r1 and their prognostic significance in newly diagnosed childhood acute leukemia. materials and methods: for this purpose, vegf and vegf-r1 were determined using enzyme linked immuno-sorbant a...

Insertion of intracoronary shunts during off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery can induce a severe endothelial dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to propose a new intracoronary shunt design called Monoshunt, to avoid distal endothelial damage of the target artery in a porcine model. The use of the Monoshunt avoids distal endothelial denudation and allows distal coronary perfusion.

Endothelial cells produce various factors that regulate vascular tone, vascular permeability, angiogenesis, and inflammatory responses. The dysfunction of endothelial cells is believed to be the major culprit in various cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, atherosclerosis, heart and renal failure, coronary syndrome, thrombosis, and diabetes. Endothelial cells express multiple transi...

Postoperative endothelial cell loss leads to graft failure after corneal transplantation, and is one of the important issues for long-term prognosis. The objective of this study was to identify clinical factors affecting graft survival and postoperative endothelial cell density (ECD) after Descemet's stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK). A total of 198 consecutive Japanese patie...

AIMS The endothelium has emerged recently as a therapeutic target in the treatment of hypertension because endothelial dysfunction and subsequent vascular rarefaction cause target organ damage and further elevate blood pressure (BP). It led us to hypothesize that one of the endothelial survival factors, a potent derivative of angiopoietin-1 (cartilage oligomeric matrix protein, COMP-Ang-1), cou...

Abstract The Cholinergic Anti-inflammatory Pathway (CAP) is a neurophysiological mechanism that regulates the immune system. Studies show CAP inhibits inflammation by suppressing cytokine synthesis via release of acetylcholine in heart, lungs and gastrointestinal tract. Upon release, interacts with α7 nicotinic receptors (α7nAChR), down-regulate pro-inflammatory prevent tissue damage inflammati...

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune connective tissue disease, where vascular lesions are one of the typical symptoms. The pathological process often involves skin vessels, renal glomeruli, the cardiovascular system, brain, lung alveoli, and gastrointestinal tract vessels. This review presents possible adverse mechanisms underlying the cause and effect relationship of various fa...