Background and Objectives: External dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) is the method of choice to treat nasolacrimal duct (NLD) obstruction and the other approaches are compared with it, with a failure rate of 4% to 13%. The current study aimed to assess the causes of failure in external DCR by postoperative endoscopic and pathological evaluation. <stro...

BACKGROUND Endoscopic thyroidectomy and endoscopic parathyroidectomy were first reported in the 1990s. However, there have been few studies reporting on the learning curve of endoscopic thyroidectomy. We used the moving average method and cumulative sum (CUSUM) analysis to assess the learning curve of gasless endoscopic thyroidectomy. METHODS Three hundred consecutive patients with thyroid ca...

Endoscopic spine surgery is a burgeoning component of the minimally invasive surgeon's armamentarium. The goals invasive, and likewise endoscopic, include providing equivalent or better patient outcomes compared to conventional open surgery, while minimizing soft tissue disruption, blood loss, postoperative pain, recovery time, time return normal activities. A multitude indications for utilizat...

Various endoscopic thyroidectomy (ET) techniques ranging from video-assisted, total endoscopic, transaxillary endoscopic, robotic and chest wall approaches have been reported for thyroid surgery. They can be broadly divided in to gas-dependent and gasless approaches. Here, we describe our technique of gasless transaxillary thyroidectomy with synergistic benefits of open and endoscopic thyroidec...

UNLABELLED Only a few studies have compared the outcomes of patients kept awake during endoscopic examination and subjects submitted to drug-induced sleep endoscopy. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare the endoscopic findings of patients submitted to outpatient endoscopy and endoscopic examination with sedation by propofol based on the Fujita Classification. METHOD This cross-sectional co...

The aim of this study was to analyze the location, the cause and treatment of iatrogenic gastrointestinal perforations following therapeutic endoscopic procedures. Perforation occurred in 12 patients out of 3,389, giving cases occurred intraoperatively or postoperatively. Among them, 6 cases were closed by titanium clipping and 1 case by purse string suture. In another case after cap-assisted e...

Upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is relatively uncommon. Radical nephroureterectomy with an ipsilateral bladder cuff excision has been the gold standard treatment for UTUC. However, recent advances in technology have made possible the increased use of endoscopic management for the treatment of UTUC. The definitive goal of endoscopic management of UTUC is cancer control while main...

Background: Helicobacter Pylori (H.P) and Non Steroidal Anti inflammatory Drugs (NSAID) are the most common cause of peptic ulcer Disease (PUD). This study was designed to identify endoscopic, clinical and demographic features of patients with H.P positive in comparison with NSAID related PUD.Methods: From December 2004 to March 2008, 5885 patients underwent upper GI Tract endoscopy in a large ...

CONTEXT Appropriate surgical exploration and resection of pancreatic carcinoma depends on accurate preoperative evaluation. OBJECTIVE Determine the accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound in predicting the need for surgical exploration in patients with solid pancreatic masses deemed by computer tomography to be resectable without venous grafting (absence of distant metastatic disease or major vascu...