Endometritis is defined as an inflammation of the endometrial mucosa of the uterus. In endometritis large amounts of toxic mediators, including nitric oxide (NO) are released by inflammatory cells. As a consequence of nitric oxide-dependent injury, the cells respond by triggering protective mechanisms, by changing the endocannabinoid system (ECS) which comprises both CB(1) and CB(2) cannabinoid...

Postpartum uterine inflammation (endometritis) in the dairy cow is associated with lower fertility at both the time of infection and after the inflammation has resolved. We hypothesized that aberrant DNA methylation may be involved in the subfertility associated with uterine inflammation. The objective of this study was to characterize genome-wide DNA methylation and gene expression in the endo...

BACKGROUND Intrauterine infusions have been widely used for the treatment of endometritis in the mare. Nevertheless, their consequences on endocrine and endometrial molecular aspects are unknown. We studied the effect of a 1% povidone-iodine solution intrauterine infusion on progesterone levels, endometrial histology and estrogen (ERα) and progesterone (PR) receptor distribution by immunohistoc...

The objectives of this study were to investigate the associations between peripheral blood neutrophil (PMN) function, energy status, and uterine health in periparturient dairy cows. Data were collected from 83 multiparous Holstein cows. Blood samples for PMN function determination were collected weekly from 1 week prior to calving (week -1) through 4 weeks after calving and again at 8 weeks aft...

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of induced endometritis on uterine blood flow in cows. Transrectal Doppler sonography was performed on uterine arteries of six cyclic cows before and for 4 days after inducing acute endometritis by intrauterine infusion of 720 mg of policresulen, and for 4 days of the following estrous cycle. Time-averaged maximum velocity (TAMV) increased (p < 0...

Aim: To determine the serum variations of two major acute phase proteins, serum amyloid A (SAA) and haptoglobin (Hp) levels in crossbred endometritis cows following pre and post immunomodulation therapy. Materials and Methods: 21 endometritis cows were randomly assigned to three groups (n=7) and treated with three different immunomodulators while seven healthy cows served as control. Uterine fl...

We investigated the relationship between the persistence of uterine bacterial infections with cytologically determined endometritis and ovarian function in 65 postpartum Holstein cows. Vaginal mucus discharges were collected, and endometrial smear samples (n = 130) were collected for cytological and bacteriological examinations from the cows at weeks 5 and 7 postpartum (pp). Blood samples were ...

OBJECTIVE his investigation was undertaken to evaluate the relationship between postcesarean endometritis and (1) method of placental removal and (2) site for uterine repair. METHODS This prospective, randomized study included 120 patients who underwent primary or repeat abdominal delivery for arrest of progress in labor, fetal distress, or breech presentation. Parturients were divided into f...

Background and Objective: Infertility is a global health problem and in Pakistan frequency of subfertility is 21.9%. The fact that cyclical histological changes in the endometrium correlate with fluctuating biorhythms of various hormone levels enables histological appearance of the endometrium to be a reliable parameter to evaluate the cause of infertility. Objective: To discern the histologica...

The expression of CD14+ macrophages, CD4+, CD8+ lymphocytes and mRNA of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was investigated in the endometrium of repeat breeders with subclinical endometritis [experimental group (EXP), n = 10] and healthy [control group (CTRL), n = 10] cows. The cows were selected on the basis of repeat breeding (3 unsuccessful inseminations), clinical and cytological exami...