Collagen XI alpha 1 (Col11a1) is an extracellular matrix molecule required for embryonic development with a role in both nucleating the formation of fibrils and regulating the diameter of heterotypic fibrils during collagen fibrillar assembly. Although found in many different tissues throughout the vertebrate body, Col11a1 plays an essential role in endochondral ossification. To further underst...

This study focused on the degradation properties of gelatin microparticles incorporated in calcium phosphate (CaP) cement and the subsequent effect of these composites on bone formation. Positively charged alkaline gelatin (type A) microparticles or negatively charged acidic gelatin (type B) microparticles were incorporated in CaP cement, which was implanted in critical-sized cranial defect in ...

Hypophosphatemia leads to rickets and osteomalacia, the latter of which results in decreased biomechanical integrity of bones, accompanied by poor fracture healing. Impaired phosphate-dependent apoptosis of hypertrophic chondrocytes is the molecular basis for rickets. However, the underlying pathophysiology of impaired fracture healing has not been characterized previously. To address the role ...

1. Bones have three major functions: to serve as mechanical support, sites of muscle insertion and as a reserve of calcium and phosphate for the organism. 2. The organic matrix of bone is formed mostly of collagen, but also non-collagenous proteins. Hydroxyapatite crystals bind to both types of proteins. 3. Most components of the bone matrix are synthesized and secreted by osteoblasts. 4. Resor...

Human oral squamous cell carcinomas (hSCCs) are the most common head and neck cancers now presenting with more aggressive biological clinical features due to smoking alcohol together widespread viremia. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) proteins powerful morphogens that induce rapid substantial induction of endochondral bone formation but in primates only.

Aim: to investigate and describe, through a systematic review, the biological behavior osteogenic potential of composite biomaterials containing hydroxyapatite (HA), alginate gelatin, in different associations, after vivo implantation. Materials Methods: for search selection articles, Medical Literature Analysis Retrieval System Online (PubMed/MEDLINE) Scientific Electronic Library (SciELO) dat...

Human chondrodysplasias are a group of conditions that affect the cartilage. It involves the growth, organization and development of the skeleton. The majority of bones in the skeleton are generated through two different mechanisms: the intramembranous and the endochondral ossifications. In the intramembranous process, mesenchymal cells originating from the neural crest and the cephalic mesoder...

Bone has considerable potential for repair as illustrated by the phenomenon of fracture healing. Repair and regeneration of bone recapitulate the sequential stages of development. It is well known that demineralized bone matrix has the potential to induce new bone formation locally at a heterotopic site of implantation. The sequential development of bone is reminiscent of endochondral bone diff...

We have identified a novel zinc finger-containing transcription factor, called Osterix (Osx), that is specifically expressed in all developing bones. In Osx null mice, no bone formation occurs. In endochondral skeletal elements of Osx null mice, mesenchymal cells, together with osteoclasts and blood vessels, invade the mineralized cartilage matrix. However, the mesenchymal cells do not deposit ...