A 56-year old lady presented with mild chest pain. The echocar-diography revealed gross pericardial effusion. Repeated percu-taneous aspirations were performed. Ultimately, computed tomography helped in reaching the diagnosis of pericardial hydatid disease (Fig. 1A). On operating, a single infected cyst was found encompassing the heart with multiple daughter cysts (Figs 1B and 2A–C). Figure 1: ...

The projective line over the (non-commutative) ring of two-by-two matrices with coefficients in GF (2) is found to fully accommodate the algebra of 15 operators — generalized Pauli matrices — characterizing two-qubit systems. The relevant sub-configuration consists of 15 points each of which is either simultaneously distant or simultaneously neighbor to (any) two given distant points of the lin...

We consider tests of forecast encompassing for probability forecasts, for both quadratic and logarithmic scoring rules. We propose test statistics for the null of forecast encompassing, present the limiting distributions of the test statistics, and investigate the impact of estimating the forecasting models’ parameters on these distributions. The small-sample performance is investigated, in ter...