previous studies have suggested that ketamine, an n-methyl-d-aspartate (nmda) receptor antagonist, provides a pre-emptive analgesic effect and pre-emptive analgesia improves postoperative pain management. the aim of this study was to determine the effict of pre-incisional vs. post-incisional intravenous low dose of racemic ketamine in postoperative pain in children undergoing inguinal hernia re...

Autonomous and semi-autonomous mobile robots have to perform a multiplicity of concurrent activities to carry out useful tasks in unstructured human-populated environments. Even if it is commonly accepted that a successful accomplishment of assigned tasks requires some sort of real time capability to quickly react and adapt to environmental changes, it is not clear which operating system suppor...

Firms devising green investment strategies within a deregulated environment must take into account not only economic and technological uncertainty, but also strategic interactions due to competition. Also, further complicating decisions is the fact that firms are likely exhibit risk aversion, since alternative energy technologies entail cannot be diversified. Therefore, we develop utility-based...

Introduction. Guidelines advocate surveillance of vascular access to reduce incidences of thrombosis. However, the value of online vascular access flow monitoring is still under debate. Methods. Through a systematic literature search, the effect of online access flow surveillance combined with pre-emptive intervention on thrombosis frequency is reviewed. Results. Due to methodological differenc...

Analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs are frequently administered intraoperatively by the rectal route to provide pre-emptive postoperative analgesia. We report the case of an inmate of a federal penitentiary who underwent orthopedic surgery in a public hospital. After induction of general anesthesia, indomethacin and acetaminophen were administered rectally. This led to the incidental discover...

Resource allocation is an important aspect of Grid computing. One approach uses market mechanisms to allocate resources. In this paper, we review the literature on market-based resource allocation for Grid computing classifying approaches as modelor state-based and pre-emptive or non-pre-emptive. Many of the existing market-based approaches take it for granted that markets are an improvement. W...

This paper presents a new channel allocation scheme, namely the dynamic partition with pre-emptive priority (DPPP) scheme, for multi-service mobile cellular networks. The system is modelled by a twodimensional Markov process and analysed by the matrix-analytic method. A pre-emptive priority (PP) mechanism is employed to guarantee the quality of service (QoS) requirement of the real-time (RT) tr...

In this paper, the dynamic and complex nature of capacity expansion race is depicted by a non-linear dynamic system that parsimoniously captures the market moves of firms and their collective impacts on each firm and the industry as a whole. Three types of capacity expansion strategy (market preemption, pacing, and phase-out) are investigated using a non-linear dynamic simulation model. We argu...

Wireless sensor network are usually deployed, possibly in extreme conditions such as mountainous region, and left unattended to function for long time. In order to prolong the network lifetime, it is necessary to minimize the consumption of energy by individual nodes. In addition, it is also necessary to ensure that the average rate of consumption of energy by each node is also the same. The ex...

Bluetongue (BT) is a disease of ruminants caused by bluetongue virus (BTV), which is spread between its hosts by Culicoides midges. Vaccination is the most effective way to protect susceptible animals against BTV and was used reactively to control the recent northern European outbreak. To assess the consequences of using vaccination pre-emptively we used a stochastic, spatially explicit model t...