The free circulation of workers and services in the European Union after its latest enlargements has been believed to foster a ‘race to the bottom’ in wage standards. This paper explains the strategies of national employer associations towards labour market regulations geared to protect national wage standards in the context of labour mobility. First, this article shows that employers in nontra...

We examine the hypothesis that flexible work organization involves greater skill requirements and, hence, an increased likelihood of receiving employer provided training. The analysis is based on unique linked employer-employee data from Germany for years 2012, 2014 and 2016 (12,924 pooled observations 9,440 employees in 1,903 establishments). Our results confirm are more likely to receive trai...