The high temporal resolution of data acquisition by geostationary satellites and their capability to resolve the diurnal cycle allows for the retrieval of a valuable source of information about geophysical parameters. In this paper, we implement a Kalman filter approach to apply temporal constraints on the retrieval of surface emissivity and temperature from radiance measurements made from geos...

− The emissivity behaviour of a silicon wafer under various conditions was theoretically and experimentally investigated. As a result, the quantitative relationship between the ratio of p-polarized radiance to spolarized one, and polarized emissivities was obtained irrespective of the emissivity change of wafers due to the oxide film thickness under the wide variations of resistivity. Based on ...

An onion-peeling technique is developed for inferring the emissivity profile of a stellarator plasma from a two-dimensional image acquired through a CCD or CMOS camera. Each pixel in the image is treated as an integral of emission along a particular line-of-sight. Additionally, the flux surfaces in the plasma are partitioned into discrete layers, each of which is assumed to have uniform emissiv...

Microwave emissivity over ocean is relatively well understood by scientists. However, over land because of the existence of different land covers and their various physical properties land surface emissivity retrieval does not seem to be straightforward. Land emissivity plays a key role in Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models, since it acts like a crucial boundary condition. The accuracy o...

A three-dimensional numerical study was made to investigate effects of fin angle, fin surface emissivity, and tube wall temperature on heat transfer enhancement for a longitudinal externally-finned tube placed vertically in a small chamber. The numerical model was first validated through comparison with experimental measurements and the appropriateness of general boundary conditions was examine...

Polymer matrix composite materials that can emit radiation in the far-infrared region of the spectrum are receiving increasing attention due to their ability to significantly influence biological processes. This study reports on the far-infrared emissivity property of composite films based on far-infrared ceramic powder. X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ...

A half-space electromagnetic model of human skin over the band 30-300 GHz was constructed and used to model radiometric emissivity. The model showed that the radiometric emissivity rose from 0.4 to 0.8 over this band, with emission being localized to a layer approximately one millimeter deep in the skin. Simulations of skin with differing water contents associated with psoriasis, eczema, malign...

Received 24 August 2001; revised 30 April 2002; accepted 22 May 2002; published 11 December 2002. [1] Emissivity spectra (1670–200 cm ) from the Mars Global Surveyor Thermal Emission Spectrometer (MGS-TES) show significant differences between bright and dark surfaces, allowing further investigation of their physical and mineralogical character. TES spectra from bright surfaces (albedo 0.2) typi...

Maintaining human body temperature is one of the most basic needs for living, which often consumes a huge amount of energy to keep the ambient temperature constant. To expand the ambient temperature range while maintaining human thermal comfort, the concept of personal thermal management has been recently demonstrated in heating and cooling textiles separately through human body infrared radiat...