There are several ways to reduce GHG emissions. Governments may introduce climate policies which provide incentives to save energy or directly reduce emissions. Governments may also re-shape existing industrial or trade policies to reduce their negative impacts on GHG emissions. The case of trade policies is particularly interesting. Trade liberalization can foster economic development, thus in...

Emissions inventories have been processed through the Sparse Matrix Operator Kernel Emissions (SMOKE) modeling system for the Coastal Oxidant Assessment for Southeast Texas (COAST) domain. The inventories consisted of point, area and non-road sources in Emissions Preprocessor System Version 2 (EPS2) formats. The SMOKE modeling system was used to generate 2-kilometer gridded emissions estimates ...

We use recent developments in the empirics of comparative case studies to analyze the effect of binding emission targets under the Kyoto Protocol on the development of CO2 emissions of seven major Annex B countries. In particular, we investigate whether committing to a specific greenhouse gas emissions target had an effect on actual CO2 emissions of Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Great Bri...

This study addresses the synergies of mitigation measures to control urban air pollutant and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, in developing integrated "co-control" strategies for Mexico City. First, existing studies of emissions reduction measures--PROAIRE (the air quality plan for Mexico City) and separate GHG studies--are used to construct a harmonized database of options. Second, linear progr...

Today one of the emerging issues in aviation is the assessment, control and reduction of air emissions. In particular airports are increasingly scrutinized for accountability of air emissions contributions to the local and regional air quality. The tasks associated with quantifying air emissions contributions are difficult due to the inconsistency of airport sizes, geographic locations, variabl...

due to the notable role of different land uses in carbon sequestration and emission, four treatments including rangeland as control, haloxylon plantation area, olea plantation (olive garden), and residential lands, were selected to study the effects of land use change on soil carbon sequestration and emissions in eivanakei rangelands, semnan province. carbon stocks in vegetation and soil of eac...

Anthropogenic emissions of air pollutants in China influence not only local and regional environments but also the global atmospheric environment; therefore, it is important to understand how China’s air pollutant emissions will change and how they will affect regional air quality in the future. Emission scenarios in 2020 were projected using forecasts of energy consumption and emission control...

This paper presents some of the issues that complicate the statistical analysis of real-world vehicle emissions and the effectiveness of emissions control programs. The following issues are discussed: 1) interand intra-vehicle emissions variability, 2) skewness of the distribution of emissions from inuse vehicles, 3) the difficulty of obtaining statistically representative vehicle samples, 4) t...

The paper presents the design of cruise control systems considering road and traffic information during the design of speed trajectories. Several factors are considered such as road inclinations, traffic lights, preceding vehicles, speed limits, engine emissions and travel times. The purpose of speed design is to reduce longitudinal energy, fuel consumption and engine emissions without a signif...

International shipping accounts for about 2 percent of annual global CO2 emissions. Aviation annually contributes to approximately 3.5 percent of the total human climate change effects, taking into account that several emissions from planes contribute. The emissions occur outside national control, and need broad international cooperation to be curbed. Voluntary agreements and technical standard...