In this paper we investigate comparison methods of different geometric configurations of adaptive antenna arrays for mobile communications. The investigated antenna configurations were linear, semicircular, rectangular, wing and zigzag array. All considered antenna arrays consisted of seven antenna elements with an inter-element spacing of half wavelength. The Geometry macrocellular environment...

We consider N × N symmetric random matrices where the probability distribution for each matrix element is given by a measure ν with a subexponential decay. We prove that the eigenvalue spacing statistics in the bulk of the spectrum for these matrices and for GOE are the same in the limit N → ∞. Our approach is based on the study of the Dyson Brownian motion via a related new dynamics, the local...

Auxin regulates numerous plant developmental processes by controlling gene expression via a family of functionally distinct DNA-binding auxin response factors (ARFs), yet the mechanistic basis for generating specificity in auxin response is unknown. Here, we address this question by solving high-resolution crystal structures of the pivotal Arabidopsis developmental regulator ARF5/MONOPTEROS (MP...

A study of the capacity of multiple element antenna systems is presented, with particular emphasis on the effect that mutual coupling between the antenna elements has on the capacity. The results presented here shows, contrary to some earlier claims, that correlation between different channel coefficients as a function of antenna spacing, can in fact decrease when the mutual coupling effect is ...

In phased array antennas, the number of radiator rows is one of the important factors to minimizing both cost and weight. Therefore, the antenna tilt angles having relation with the element spacing are among the important design parameters. In this paper, the optimum tilt angles for several types of dipole planar arrays are investigated theoretically. To obtain optimum tilt angles, the directiv...

In this letter, an enhanced coprime array with compressed inter-element spacing is designed for direction of arrival estimation. First, we analyse and conclude that the 0th sensor redundant consecutive lags, thus it rearranged to negative part obtain spacing. Then, on basis discussing effect shift difference co-array, number unique lags range are derived. Theoretical properties show closed-form...

Particle image velocimetry is used to study the variation around single- and double-hemisphere rough elements with different streamwise spacings immersed in boundary layer. Instantaneous velocity field information streamwise–normal streamwise–spanwise directions collected at a Reynolds number of 1800. 3R, 5R, 7R are determined as element spacing experiment, representing smaller, medium transiti...

The zebrafish hoxd4a locus was compared to its murine ortholog, Hoxd4. The sequence of regulatory elements, including a DR5 type retinoic acid response element (RARE) required for Hoxd4 neural enhancer activity, are highly conserved. Additionally, zebrafish and mouse neural enhancers function identically in transgenic mouse embryos. We tested whether sequence conservation reflects functional im...