Abstract An electric vehicle has an alternative drive that uses motors and controllers to replace traditional internal combustion engines. Power comes from a battery or cell, not carbon-based fuel. This only saves money, but also low environmental impact. It number of advantages over engines, particularly in terms considerably reduced pollutants increased energy efficiency. There are several im...

Recently, graphene triangulene chains have been synthesized and their magnetic response has analyzed by STM methods Mishra coworkers (Nature 598, 287 (2021)). Motivated this study, we determine the exchange bilinear biquadratic constants of calculating two-spin rotations in spirit force theorem. We then analyze open-ended, odd-numbered chains, whose edge states pair up forming a triplet ground ...