There are two methods of applying heat by means of electric currents at present?by what are practically electric incandescent lamps, and by means of wires drawn from metals that have been designed not to increase their electrical resistance to any appreciable extent with a rise of temperature. With nearly all substances the electrical resistance of the substance increases in a certain definite ...

The feasibility of using carbon nanotube (CNT) bundles as the fillers of through silicon vias (TSVs) has been demonstrated. CNT bundles are synthesized directly inside TSVs by thermal chemical vapor deposition (TCVD). The growth of CNTs in vias is found to be highly dependent on the geometric dimensions and arrangement patterns of the vias at atmospheric pressure. The CNT-Si structure is planar...

During their synthesis, multi-walled carbon nanotubes can be aligned and impregnated in a polymer matrix to form an electrically conductive and flexible nanocomposite with high backing density. The material exhibits the highest reported electrical conductivity of CNT-epoxy composites (350 S/m). Here, we show how conductive atomic force microscopy can be used to study the electrical transport me...

A culture model has been established to study the gradual development of tight junctions during the embryogenesis of the chick retinal pigment epithelium. This study asks how closely the culture model reflects normal development and how the composition, structure and function of embryonic tight junctions are affected by the apical and basal environments. The study focused on the expression of c...

BERMUDEZ, LIDIA DE, AND ERICH E. WINDHAGER. Osmotically induced changes in electrical resistance of distal tubules of rat kidney. Am. J. Physiol. 229(6): 1536-1546. 1975.-Changes in peritubular oncotic pressure do not alter the electrical resistance of distal convoluted tubules. Transverse specific electrical resistance decreases along the distal convoluted tubule in nondiuretic rats. This drop...

The grafting of polymers onto a carbon black surface based on the trapping of polymer radicals by polycondensed aromatic rings of the surface was investigated. It was found that polymer radicals formed by the thermal decomposition of azo-polymer, peroxy-polymer and 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-1-oxy-terminated polymer are successfully captured by a carbon black surface to give the correspondi...

We have studied some passive electrical properties of uterine smooth muscle to determine whether a change in electrical parameters accompanies gap junction formation at delivery. The length constant of the longitudinal myometrium increased from 2.6 +/- 0.8 mm (X +/- SD) before term to 3.7 +/- 1 mm in tissues from delivering animals. The basis of the change was a 33% decrease in internal resista...

Anisotropic conductive film (ACF) has been used for flip chip interconnection of a silicon based MEMS finger print sensor to a signal processing ASIC. The assembled sensor device was subjected to a short term high temperature profile with peak temperature 260 C simulating subsequent reflow soldering of the device, and to thermal shock cycling from -40 to +85 C. The reliability of interconnect...

The tunable electrical properties of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) make it an ideal candidate for many applications including energy storage. However, in order to utilize the material for applications it is essential to understand the behavior of the material on the nanoscale, especially how naturally occurring phenomena like wrinkling affect the electronic transport. Here, we use a transmission...

Two field experiments were performed to evaluate the performance of electrical resistance tomography (ERT) as a leak detection method under metal underground storage tanks (UST). This paper provides a summary of the field experiments performed under a 15 m diameter steel tank mockup located at the Hanford Reservation, Washington. Two different leak events were created. About 3800 liters of sali...