Increasing environmental concerns and legal regulations have led to the development of sustainable technologies systems in logistics, as many fields. The adoption multi-echelon distribution networks use environmentally friendly vehicles freight become major concepts for reducing negative impact urban transportation activities. In this line, present paper proposes a two-echelon electric vehicle ...

FRONTIERS IN OPERATIONS RESEARCH FOR OVERCOMINGBARRIERS TO VEHICLE ELECTRIFICATIONbyMAHYAR MOVAHED NEJADAugust 2015 Advisor: Dr. Ratna Babu ChinnamMajor: Industrial EngineeringDegree: Doctor of Philosophy Electric vehicles (EVs) hold many promises including diversification of the transporta-tion energy feedstock and reduction of greenhouse gas and other emissions. Ho...

Time-dependent vehicle routing problem (TDVRP) is concerned with vehicle routing optimization in road networks with fluctuant link travel time. Firstly, Time-dependent functions about routing time indicator and routing threat indicator are introduced. Secondly, a time-dependent heuristic function including routing distance indicator, routing time indicator and routing threat indicator is constr...

time-dependent vehicle routing problem is one of the most applicable but least-studied variants of routing and scheduling problems. in this paper, a novel mathematical formulation of time-dependent vehicle routing problems with heterogeneous fleet, hard time widows and multiple depots, is proposed. to deal with the traffic congestions, we also considered that the vehicles are not forced to come...

Optimization of specific power of axial flux permanent magnet brushless DC (PMBLDC) motor based on genetic algorithm optimization technique for an electric vehicle application is presented. Double rotor sandwiched stator topology of axial flux permanent magnet brushless DC motor is selected considering its best suitability in electric vehicle applications. Rating of electric motor is determined...

In this paper, we propose the Electric Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows and Mixed Fleet (E-VRPTWMF) to optimize the routing of a mixed fleet of electric commercial vehicles (ECVs) and conventional internal combustion commercial vehicles (ICCVs). Contrary to existing routing models for ECVs, which assume energy consumption to be a linear function of traveled distance, we utilize a reali...