What difference does it make if the state makes people vote? The question is central to normative debates about the rights and duties of citizens in a democracy, and to contemporary policy debates in a variety of countries over what actions states should take to encourage electoral participation. By focusing on a rare case of abolishing compulsory voting in Venezuela, we show that not forcing p...

Political participation is sine qua non of women’s empowerment. has various dimensions, such as electoral participation; to participate in election a voter and representation; elections candidate. The proposed study limited the women voters. This research includes major findings about urban rural areas NA-29 Peshawar111 constituency general 2018. A Chi-square test performed check association be...

The present age is called the of communication. Undoubtedly, in all matters world, most incredible information on shoulders mass media. Today, media have influenced identity contemporary man by expanding geographical, cultural and political boundaries so that modern can be identity. increasing role new means communication various parts human life has led to multiple fields. One area social part...

This paper aims to study the effects of exposure corruption on all aspects political participation. Focusing Italian municipalities in period 1999–2014, we generate a daily and local measure corruption, screening newspaper articles main press agency. We concentrate elections and, an event-study analysis, find three results. First, affects citizens' participation election by reducing voter turno...

This article analyzes voter turnout in the Czech Republic on a very detailed spatial structure and an extended yearly time series (1994–2018). Its main goal is to examine dimension of disparities local elections at level all (more than 6,000) municipalities. To achieve this goal, global autocorrelation methods are used. Municipality-level cartographic presentations then provide evidence highly ...