It is shown that every commutative arithmetic ring R has λ-dimension ≤ 3. An example of a commutative Kaplansky ring with λ-dimension 3 is given. Moreover, if R satisfies one of the following conditions, semi-local, semi-prime, self f p-injective, zero-Krull dimensional, CF or FSI then λ-dim(R) ≤ 2. It is also shown that every zero-Krull dimensional commu-tative arithmetic ring is a Kaplansky r...

semi-regular locales are extensions of the classical semiregularspaces. we investigate the conditions such that semi-regularizationis a functor. we also investigate the conditions such that semi-regularizationis a reflection or coreflection.

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Critical closing pressures have been measured in the hand vessels of anaesthetized patients undergoing elective surgery by a method as close as possible to that used in previous studies on conscious subjects. The critical closing pressure has been found to vary considerably during anaesthesia. In general, the variations are parallel to those of the systolic blood pressure. No correlation has be...

Background and Purpose: Preoperative fast is the essential part of preoperative care for those patients who are candidates for elective surgery. Fast prolongation results in side effects such as: sweating, irritability, decrease in blood sugar and restlessness. Despite the noticeable changes in fasting guidelines and their application in many countries, it seems that in Iran, these rules are no...