A theoretical model of the winter survival dynamics of Meloidagyne spp. was developed by considering the roles of egg hatching and juvenile mortality and the initial populations of eggs and juveniles at the onset of winter. Two distinct patterns of juvenile dynamics appear which depend upon the numerical values of the model parameters. The model predicts whether eggs or juveniles are the major ...

Egg cell protoplasts were isolated from the gametophyte of the fern, Struthiopteris niponica (Kunze) Nakai. Archegonia were excised from the prothallia and then digested in an enzyme solution that contained Cellulase "Onozuka" RS and Macerozyme R-10. After 3 hours of incubation, the egg cell protoplasts had separated completely from the somatic cells. The protoplasts had such cytological featur...

the effect of different levels of osmolality and ph of lactose extender on the viability of bactrian camelspermatozoa was investigated. semen was collected from 10 bactrian camel bulls using modified bovineartificial vagina. in experiment i, the extenders consisted of 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13% lactose with respectiveosmolalities of 290, 333, 350, 376 and 419 mosm/kg and the ph of 6.9. in experiment...

experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of l-glutamine on coated sperm freezing by using four rams. semen was collected by artificial vagina contact with a tube containing tris-fructose-egg yolk 15%. samples were pooled and centrifuged. after removing supernatant and diluting pellet, samples were split into 5 equal part and added 0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 mm l-glutamine. samples were froze...


 This study was designed to evaluate the supplementation of various concentrations selenium and vitamin E combinations in lactose egg-yolk-glycerol based extender on cryosurvival buffalo bull semen. The semen four healthy donor bulls ejaculates (n= 80) were processed pooled. collected extended with experimental extenders then frozen. frozen straws thawed analyzed for motility, viability, ...

The effect of different levels of osmolality and pH of lactose extender on the viability of Bactrian camelspermatozoa was investigated. Semen was collected from 10 Bactrian camel bulls using modified bovineartificial vagina. In experiment I, the extenders consisted of 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13% lactose with respectiveosmolalities of 290, 333, 350, 376 and 419 mOsm/kg and the pH of 6.9. In experiment...

Field-collected Dendroctonus frontalis were reared in a controlled environment. Male-female beetle pairs retrieved from galleries 1, 2, or 5 wk after introduction into pine bolts were examined for nematode parasites. Data were obtained for each pair on gallery length, egg niche construction, egg viability, and progeny survival. In a separate study, beetle pairs were reared under laboratory cond...

Eggs of Anagasta kuehniella (Zeller 1879) are widely used for mass rearing of Trichogramma spp. and other parasitoids and predators, largely commercialized in many countries. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of carbon dioxide (CO2) originated from larval metabolism on the biological parameters of A. kuehniella. For that purpose, we assess the production of carbon dioxide (CO2) pe...

The viability of eggs laid by individual functional queens from polygyne colonies of the fire ant, Solenopsi:; intricra Buren, was examined by staining for chromatin. In isolation units held in the laboratory inseminated queens laid nearly 100% viable eggs, compared to < 10% for uninseminated queens, Experiments in which the quantity of brood was manipulated demonstrated that the number of broo...

Egg viability, hatchability, and development are significant factors in the natural silk industry. Life cycle modification is an important aspect that must be considered to perform effective efficient mass-rearing quality control. This study aimed improve mass rearing efficiency of Samia chintya ricini through a life technique by refrigeration. The was conducted storing S. c. eggs refrigerator ...