Meloidogyne javanica is an important nematode pest of pigeonpea. Thirty-four pigeonpea cultivars and 227 germplasm accessions were evaluated for resistance to M. javanica based on number of galls, egg masses, size of galls, and area of root covered with galls. Galls were not formed on 75% of the cultivars, and no egg masses were observed on the roots of four cultivars (UPAS 120, Pant A3, CO 1, ...

Understanding the genetic basis of phenotypic variation is essential for predicting the direction and rate of phenotypic evolution. We estimated heritabilities and genetic correlations of morphological (fork length, pectoral and pelvic fin ray counts, and gill arch raker counts) and life-history (egg number and individual egg weight) traits of pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) from Likes Cre...

the current study investigated the effect of short-term selection for four week body weight (bw) on performance of divergent lines of japanese quail and their crosses. the mean of bw at hatching time, one, two, three and four week oldand bw at sexual maturity time, age at sexual maturity, number of eggs (from 50 to 100 days old), mean of egg weight, percentage of fertility and hatchability in e...

The current study investigated the effect of short-term selection for four week body weight (BW) on performance of divergent lines of Japanese quail and their crosses. The mean of BW at hatching time, one, two, three and four week oldand BW at sexual maturity time, age at sexual maturity, number of eggs (from 50 to 100 days old), mean of egg weight, percentage of fertility and hatchability in e...

To test relationships between maternal size, egg size and size of new offspring, we studied (a) the effect of maternal size on egg size and number, and maternal survival after oviposition and (b) the effect of egg size on the duration of development and new imago size in three flea species (Xenopsylla ramesis, Synosternus cleopatrae, Parapulex chephrenis) with varying host and habitat specifici...

the present research was aimed to study the effects of different sources of carotenoids and their varying concentrations on the reproductive functions of goldfish. the study was carried out in seven treatments with three replicates at the bony fish hatchery complex (rasht, iran) from december 2011 to may 2012. experimental diets containing 50, 100, and 150 mg kg-1 astaxanthin and 50, 100, and 1...

The ovarian oil injection and ovariolar separation techniques were applied to determine the physiological age of species of the 3 dipteran families Culicidae, Simuliidae, and Tabanidae. The presence of a granular basal body (a granular area in the calyx wall within the ovariolar sheath) indicates at least 1 egg laying; that is, it can be used to separate parous from nulliparous females, which p...

The oviposition process of the red imported Þre ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), is described as a succession of four events forming one egg-laying cycle. Each time an egg is laid, the vulva opens and the sting is fully extended. When the vulva closes, the egg is forced to the base of the sting, whereupon the sting is usually retracted across the egg. This phenomenon has...

Once mated, the optimal strategy for females of the monandrous butterfly, Pararge aegeria, is to avoid male contact and devote as much time as possible to ovipositing, as there is little advantage for females to engage in multiple matings. In other butterfly species the presence of males during egg laying has been shown to affect aspects of oviposition behavior and it has been suggested that re...

Abstract Egg rejection is an effective and widespread antiparasitic defense to eliminate foreign eggs from the nests of hosts brood parasitic birds. Several lines observational critical experimental evidence support a role for learning by in recognition versus own eggs; specifically, individual that have had prior or current experience with parasitism are more likely reject eggs. Here we confir...