Although RNA interference (RNAi) has emerged as an important tool for studying the effects of gene knockdown, it is still difficult to predict the success of RNAi effectors in human systems. By examining the basic thermodynamic equations for RNA interactions in RNAi, we demonstrate how the free energies of RNA folding and phosphoester bond hydrolysis can drive RNAi without ATP. Our calculations...

Permeability is a key property in various fields such as membrane technology for chemical separation and transport of substances through cell membranes. At the molecular scale, counting method uses number crossings conventional unbiased dynamics simulation to predict permeability. This contribution investigates under which conditions has insufficient statistics. An equation derived compartmenta...

Competition among regional governments may lead to suboptimal levels of capital taxation, as governments ignore the external benefits of capital flight to other regions. However, there have been few attempts to quantify the magnitude of the resulting efficiency losses. This paper presents extensive calculations of the efficiency costs over a wide range of parameter scenarios and assumptions abo...

In this letter, we show theoretically how the light-confining properties of triply-resonant photonic resonators can be tailored to enable dramatic enhancements of the conversion efficiency of terahertz THz generation via nonlinear frequency down-conversion processes. Using detailed numerical calculations, we predict that this approach can be used to reduce up to three orders of magnitude the pu...

The effect of vanillin on the corrosion behavior of AA6061 Al alloy in 3.5% NaCl solution wasinvestigated using potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical noise (EN) techniques. Vanillinoffers interesting possibilities for corrosion inhibition due to its nontoxicity and high solubility inaqueous media. The best inhibition effect at 200 ppm vanillin was a marked characteristic of theinhibi...