David R. Krathwohl is Hannah Hammond Professor of Education Emeritus at Syracuse University. T HE TAXONOMY OF EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES is a framework for classifying statements of what we expect or intend students to learn as a result of instruction. The framework was conceived as a means of facilitating the exchange of test items among faculty at various universities in order to create banks of ...

Supporting student success well in a global economy under the very realworld constraints of scarce resources requires certain economies of instructional practice. Teachers with ever-more-limited time and ever-increasing demands need to make critical decisions concerning educational interventions for individual students quickly and accurately. Supporting student success thus entails supporting t...

Traditional standardized educational tests often serve a summative purpose, reporting what students know after the learning phase has been completed. In this sense, they serve as an assessment of learning, with little or no implication for future instruction. By contrast, assessments may be used formatively; that is, they may be used to change the course of instruction as part of the assessment...

We propose a general method of moments technique to identify measurement error in self-reported and transcript-reported schooling using differences in wages, test scores, and other covariates to discern the relative verity of each measure. We also explore the implications of such reporting errors for both OLS and IV estimates of the returns to schooling. The results cast a new light on two comm...

A study was conducted to extend the sequential probability ratio testing (SPRT) procedure with the polytomous model under some practical constraints in computerized classification testing (CCT), such as methods to control item exposure rate, and to study the effects of other variables, including item information algorithms, test difficulties, item pool sizes, and widths of the indifference regi...

The new challenge for designers and Human–computer interaction (HCI) researchers is to develop software tools and applications for effective e-learning. Software usability is one aspect of Human–computer interaction that can benefit from knowledge of the user and their tasks. However, in practice not much attention is given to this issue during testing. Evaluators often do not have the knowledg...

Researchers are gaining an interest in the concept of wisdom, a more holistic yet often ineffable educational outcome. Models of wisdom abound, but few have rigorously tested measures. This study looks at Brown's (2004a, 2004b) Model of Wisdom Development and its associated measure, the Wisdom Development Scale (WDS; Brown & Greene, 2006). The construct validity, measurement invariance, criteri...

projects are encouraged to express freely their professional judgment. This paper, therefore, does not necessarily represent the positions or the policies of the Canadian government, and no official Almost every scholarly or scientific discipline is, in part, defined by the activities, including the methods and instruments, which systematically advance the teaching, research, and practice withi...