Spectral vegetation indices have been used extensively INTRODUCTION to predict ecological variables, such as percent vegetation On 18 May 1980, Mount St. Helens in the State of cover, above-ground biomass, and leaf-area index. We exWashington erupted with catastrophic, landscape-scale amined the use of various vegetation indices and multiple effects (Lipman and Mullineaux, 1981). In a mere 10 l...

Recently, Mingo has analyzed the properties of I imp, an importance index, and demonstrated that its range is not symmetrical. While agreeing with this comment, we believe that more light needs to be shed on the issue of symmetry in relation to such indices. Importance indices are calculated using three values: performance of the organism in the absence and in the presence of neighbors and maxi...

The genomic information of microbes is a major determinant of their phenotypic properties, yet it is largely unknown to what extent ecological associations between different species can be explained by their genome composition. To bridge this gap, this study introduces two new genome-wide pairwise measures of microbe-microbe interaction. The first (genome content similarity index) quantifies si...

In this paper, the overall ecological and environmental sustainability in the Cing-Jing region in Taiwan is examined. As land use and cover change has been found to be an important analysis method, an emergy ecological footprint model was applied and the eco-security assessed to ensure authorities maintain a balance between ecological preservation and tourism development. While the ecological e...

Emergence and survival of adults for 24 hwas compared forTrichogramma chilonis Ishii reared on eggs of Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton) adults whose larval growth and development had beenmonitored on broken grains of four different cereals: Þngermillet (Eleusine coracanaL.Gaertn), softwhitewheat (TriticumaestivumL), short-grainedwhite rice (Oryza sativaL.), anddurra sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Mo...

Landscape indices are popular for the quantification of landscape pattern. However, all landscape indices being used so far are scalar quantities, and measure patterns without considering sufficiently the pattern shape and the directionality together. Based on planar characteristics defined in mechanics such as centroid, moment of inertia, product of inertia and principal axes, vector analysis ...

Increasingly on a worldwide scale, legislation has been adopted to determine the ecological integrity of surface waters including streams, rivers, lakes, estuaries and coastal waters. An integral part of determining ecological integrity is the measurement of biological integrity, typically emphasizing analyses of plankton, benthos, macroalgae and fish. In the development of protocols for evalua...