transmission of blast waves is a complex phenomenon and the characteristics vary with blast design parameters and geo-technical properties of medium. frequency of vibration and triggering component for structural excitation generally quantifies safe vibration magnitude. at closer distance or higher elevations than the blast locations, vertical or transverse component will be the first arrival t...

the partial differential equations for water flow and solute transport in a two-dimensional saturated domain are rendered discrete using the finite difference technique; the resulting system of algebraic equations is solved using a dynamic programming (dp) method. the advantage of the dp algorithm is that the problem is converted from solving an algebraic system of order nc(nl-1) nc(nl-1) into...

stress waves contain useful information about the properties of porous materials; they can be recovered through different non-destructive testing methods such as crosswell, vertical seismic profile, borehole logging as well as sonic tests. in all these methods, it is crucial to assess the effects of frequency on wave attributes including velocity and intrinsic attenuation. the dependency of per...

rangeland ecosystems shift across dynamic thresholds between differentecological states in response to natural or human-induced factors. these differentecological states are the result of interactions among climate, soils, grazing history,and management practices. the notion of a single ‘‘pristine’’ final state is onlyconceptual in nature, and because of this, dynamic thresholds and the effects...

in this work, result of experimental investigation on interaction of fuel spray generated by a swirled type injector, with air motion in a prototype cylinder are presented. experiments were carried out by planar imaging and particle image velocimetry (piv) techniques in order to provide information about the spray structure evolution and instantaneous velocity distribution of air motion and fue...

in this research, first, kinematic and dynamic equations of a 4-dof 3-link robotic finger are derived using denavit-hartenberg convention and lagrange’s formulation. to model the muscles, several springs and dampers are placed between the finger links. then, two advanced controllers, namely adaptive-robust and adaptive-neural, which can control the robotic finger in presence of parametric uncer...

This paper presents a complete derivation and implementation of the Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) formulation for the simulation of nonlinear static and dynamic problems in solid mechanics. While most of the previous work done on ALE for dynamic applications was mainly based on operator split and explicit calculations, this work derives the quasi-static and dynamic ALE equations in its si...