Exercise induced asthma (EIA) is a transient increase in airway resistance after intensive exercise and can be measured as a decline in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1). The condition is due to increased training load and inhalation of cold and dry air. Several studies have shown that eucapnic voluntary hyperpnea challenge test (EVH test) is a very sensitive and specific diagnostic...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this work was to report on the performance of medial blepharosynechioplasty (MBSP), a newly devised technique for treating severe dry eye. METHODS In this retrospective, nonrandomized clinical trial, three cases with severe dry eye (Sjögren's syndrome) associated with repeated punctal plug loss were treated using MBSP to create a synechia between the upper and lower ...

Dry eye disease is a very common condition that causes morbidity and healthcare burden and decreases the quality of life. There is a need for a suitable dry eye animal model to test novel therapeutics to treat autoimmune dry eye conditions. This protocol describes a chronic autoimmune dry eye rat model. Lewis rats were immunized with an emulsion containing lacrimal gland extract, ovalbumin, and...

Respirator performance rating tables have been constructed for hot, humid (29 degrees C, 95% RH); hot, dry (49 degrees C, 30% RH); and cold, dry (-32 degrees C, 70% RH) conditions. These tables convey expected wearer performance percentages compared to unmasked workers for various mask elements and work rates. The hot, humid condition was found to be the most severe overall. Many table entries ...

Tasks using appetitive reinforcers show that following disorientation rats use the shape of an arena to reorient, and cannot distinguish two geometrically similar corners to obtain a reward, despite the presence of a prominent visual cue that provides information to differentiate the two corners. Other studies show that disorientation impairs performance on certain appetitive, but not aversive,...

drought stress due to water deficit and terminal temperatures is a serious problem in agriculture, and it is one of the most important factors contributing to crop yield loss. to evaluate drought tolerance of barley, 12 advanced barley genotypes were studied in two rainfed and irrigated conditions (in a subtropical region, gachsaran) in 2006-2007 in a rcb design with three replications. results...

PURPOSE Dry eye syndrome is commonly thought of as an inflammatory disease, and we have previously presented data showing the effectiveness of topical TNF-α blocker agents for the treatment of this condition. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the TNF-α blocking agent HL036337 compared to cyclosporine A for the treatment of dry eye induced inflammation in order to...

PURPOSE Dry eye condition is an extrahepatic manifestation associated with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Since conjunctival inflammation can contribute to the dry eye condition, in the present study we analyzed the conjunctival inflammatory response to HCV core and NS3 proteins. METHODS We used primary human conjunctival fibroblasts for our study. Cytokines were measured with enz...