Drug abuse in Indonesia has reached an alarming level. The largest proportion of drug abusers 2017 was the group private workers and laborers, which 59%. BNNK Batam collaboration with trade unions academics conducted a workshop theme strategies policies on Prevention, Eradication, Abuse, Illicit Trafficking Narcotics (P4GN) creating anti-drug activists work environment. purpose this is so that ...

Prevalence of hepatitis B genotype C in injection drug users in the northeastern Indian state of Manipur, neighboring the "Golden Triangle," correlates well with overland drug-trafficking routes, the injection drug use epidemic, and the spread of HIV. Further spread to other regions of India through mobile populations is possible.

Heroin use causes considerable harm to individual users including dependence, fatal and nonfatal overdose, mental health problems, and blood borne virus transmission. It also adversely affects the community through drug dealing, property crime and reduced public amenity. During the mid to late 1990s in Australia the prevalence of heroin use increased as reflected in steeply rising overdose deat...

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is found in tumor microenvironments, and interaction with its tyrosine kinase receptor Met triggers cell invasion and metastasis. It was previously shown that acidic extracellular pH stimulated peripheral lysosome trafficking, resulting in increased cathepsin B secretion and tumor cell invasion, which was dependent upon sodium-proton exchanger (NHE) activity. We n...

Gene delivery of nucleic acid to the cell nucleus is a fundamental step in gene therapy. In this review of modeling drug and gene delivery, we focus on the particular stage of plasmid DNA or virus cytoplasmic trafficking. A challenging problem is to quantify the success of this limiting stage. We present some models and simulations of plasmid trafficking and of the limiting phase of DNA-polycat...

A growing body of evidence indicates that enhanced AMPA-mediated glutamate transmission in the core of the nucleus accumbens is critically involved in cocaine priming-induced reinstatement of drug seeking, an animal model of relapse. However, the extent to which increased glutamate transmission in the other major subregion of the nucleus accumbens, the shell, contributes to the reinstatement of...

This thesis examines three topics. The first chapter, entitled "Persistent Effects of Peru's Mining Mita" utilizes regression discontinuity to examine the long-run impacts of the mita, an extensive forced mining labor system in effect in Peru and Bolivia between 1573 and 1812. Results indicate that a mita effect lowers household consumption by around 25% and increases the prevalence of stunted ...

P-glycoprotein (Pgp; ABCB1/MDR1) is a major efflux transporter at the blood-brain barrier (BBB), restricting the penetration of various compounds. In other tissues, trafficking of Pgp from subcellular stores to the cell surface has been demonstrated and may constitute a rapid way of the cell to respond to toxic compounds by functional membrane insertion of the transporter. It is not known wheth...

The chimeric anti-CD30 monoclonal antibody cAC10, linked to the antimitotic agents monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) or F (MMAF), produces potent and highly CD30-selective anti-tumor activity in vitro and in vivo. These drugs are appended via a valine-citrulline (vc) dipeptide linkage designed for high stability in serum and conditional cleavage and putative release of fully active drugs by lysoso...

Abstract There is a relative dearth of literature on both the effects cross-border interdictions and impact different types interventions international drug trafficking. This study identifies main trafficking routes for cocaine heroin, along with comparing disruptive induced by targeted non-coordinated interventions. It adopts social network approach to identify which heroin are trafficked, the...