The next iterations of the Generic Drug User Fee Act and the Biosimilar User Fee Act are meant to encourage new generic and biosimilar products, but higher fees and budget reductions may threaten progress.

OBJECTIVE Clonidine, an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist, increases the quality of perioperative sedation and analgesia with a few side effects. This study was designed to assess the effect of clonidine premedication on the anesthesics used for elective below knee surgeries in opium abusers and non-abusers. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a randomized clinical trial, 160 patients were selected and assigne...

There is not much drug use at school, but reservation youth are most likely, non-reservation Indian youth next most likely, and non-Indian youth least likely to have used drugs at school. Alcohol and drugs are used most frequently at weekend parties and at night with friends. Reservation youth are twice as likely as the others to have used alcohol while driving around and three times more likel...

The acute coronary syndrome due to the left main coronary artery (LMCA) thrombosis is a clinically rare and catastrophic event. We describe a young man (smoker, alcoholic, and drug abuser) with a history of recent surgery and typical chest pain who had non-occlusive LMCA thrombosis in coronary angiography. The thrombosis was successfully treated with two 180 µ/kg intracoronary boluses of eptifi...

Essential practice points from this article Part I of this article ( issue 4) identified the things drug users and others do or don’t do which affect the risk of overdose, and the influences which make these behaviours more or less likely. Key conclusion: overdose deaths are avoidable: rarely is taking heroin or taking a high dose the sole cause. Other factors turn potential risk into reality, ...

BACKGROUND This study sought to collect information on the former legal-high 'mephedrone' using a web-based survey targeted at mephedrone users. METHODS The survey was advertised on websites frequented by drug users. Individuals were invited to complete the survey if they had taken mephedrone on at least one occasion in the past. RESULTS One thousand and six completed forms were received fr...

It is common knowledge that cocaine has been linked to the development of various acute and chronic cardiovascular complications including acute coronary syndromes. We present a young, male patient, drug abuser who underwent CABG due to anterolateral myocardial infarction. Our presentation is one of the very rare cases reported in literature regarding acute thrombosis of left main coronary arte...

Inhalant abuse is defined as inhalation of solvents or volatile organic substances for pleasure or short term enjoyment. The most common d material is glue due to its low price and easy access. Glue solvent sniffing produces fast and pleasurable experience to the abuser. Glue normally contains toluene will then metabolite to hippuric acid and excreted in urine for glue sniffer’s. A mobile G.S. ...