Although the balance difficulties accompanying vestibular loss are well known, the underlying cause remains unclear. We examined the role of vestibular inputs in the automatic postural response (APR) to pitch and roll rotations of the support surface in freely standing cats before and in the first week after bilateral labyrinthectomy. Support surface rotations accelerate the body center of mass...

We propose protein PTB1 : 4W as a good candidate for engineering into a downhill folder. PTB1 : 4W has a probe-dependent thermal unfolding curve and sub-millisecond T-jump relaxation kinetics on more than one time scale. Its refolding rate in denaturant is a non-linear function of denaturant concentration (curved chevron plot). Yet at high denaturant concentration its unfolding is probe-indepen...

OBJECTIVE Underlying the ability of the hamstrings to decrease tibial anterior shear is the time of firing in comparison with the quadriceps. This timing may be aided by neural programming during a planned or expected activity. It is theorized that individuals who have better programming ability will suffer fewer anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries due to joint protection through muscular...

Vertical impact force during downhill running should be analyzed in terms of risk of injuries caused in hill training of distance runners. In spite that the impact force in running was influenced by some kinematic parameters at the foot contact (Gerritsen et al. 1995), few studies analyzed interactions between ground reaction forces (GRFs) and kinematics during downhill running in detail. The p...

The authors address the problem of downhill protein folding in the framework of a simple statistical mechanical model, which allows an exact solution for the equilibrium and a semianalytical treatment of the kinetics. Focusing on protein 1BBL, a candidate for downhill folding behavior, and comparing it to the WW domain of protein PIN1, a two-state folder of comparable size, the authors show tha...

This paper presents an environment recognition method for bipedal robots using a time‐delay neural network. For a robot to walk in a varying terrain, it is desirable that the robot can adapt to any environment encountered in real‐time. This paper aims to develop a sensory mapping unit to recognize environment types from the input sensory data based on an ...

This paper discusses the mechanics of a rigid rimless spoked wheel, or regular polygon, ‘rolling’ downhill. By rolling, we mean motions in which the wheel pivots on one ‘support’ spoke until another spoke collides with the ground, followed by transfer of support to that spoke, and so on. We carry out three-dimensional numerical and analytical stability studies of steady motions of this system. ...