This paper explores the relationship between the Keynesian multiplier and Pasinetti’s model of pure production. Key assumptions of Pasinetti’s model are its multisectoral structure, the definition of all income as a reward to labouring activities and, as a consequence, the operation of a pure labour theory of value. A translation between these models is effected by introducing investment as an ...

Endemic zoonoses are found throughout the developing world, wherever people live in close proximity to their animals, affecting not only the health of poor people but often also their livelihoods through the health of their livestock. Unlike newly emerging zoonoses that attract the attention of the developed world, these endemic zoonoses are by comparison neglected. This is, in part, a conseque...

All-pole modeling is a widely used formant estimation method, but its performance is known to deteriorate for high-pitched voices. In order to address this problem, several all-pole modeling methods robust to fundamental frequency have been proposed. This study compares five such previously known methods and introduces a technique, Weighted Linear Prediction with Attenuated Main Excitation (WLP...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Accurate identification and tailored management of patients with dysphagia is necessary to prevent complications when dysphagia is present and avoid implications of dietary restriction when unnecessary. Methods of dysphagia assessment vary, and a reassessment in the postacute period is not an established standard. The aim of this retrospective study was to compare initial...

Footpad dermatitis (FPD) is a condition that causes necrotic lesions on the plantar surface of the footpads in growing broilers and turkeys. This condition not only causes downgrades and condemnations of saleable chicken paws, the portion of the leg below the spur, but is also an animal welfare concern in both the United States and in Europe.. Revenue from chicken paws in 2008 alone was worth $...

This paper analyzes the pricing of defaultable securities in rating based models where the default of more than one agent is involved. We extend the model of Duffie and Huang (1996) to a framework which explicitly takes into account the rating of each party. Although our method is by no means restricted to swap contracts we will use as our illustrative example a plain vanilla interest rate swap...

IEEE 802.11 series standards have been widely used to specify the MAC mechanism in wireless networks. The 802.11 DCF has not taken into account of the mobility of wireless stations, instead, it is defined based on the assumption that the mobility is not present or is very low. Mobility of wireless stations downgrades the saturation performance of the IEEE 802.11 DCF. This paper made its efforts...

Twig pattern matching plays a crucial role in XML data processing. TwigStack [2] is a holistic twig join algorithm that solves the problem in two steps: (1) finding potentially useful intermediate path solutions, (2) merging the intermediate solutions. The algorithm is optimal when the twig pattern has only //-edges, in the sense that no useless partial solutions are generated in the first step...

Downgrade-triggered termination clause is a recent innovation in credit risk management to control counterparty credit risk. It allows one party of an over-the-counter derivative to close off its position at marked-to-market price when the other party’s credit rating downgrades to an agreed alarming level. Although the default risk is significantly reduced, the non-defaulting party may still su...

Plastic and polymer additives (PA) have unique rational advantages for various water and food packaging applications. However, their (bio)chemical natures are recently recognized for their negative human health impacts. The major adverse consequence of these additives in consumer products is in the form of endocrine-disruption related health-downgrades. Such findings still remain underappreciat...