Study selection and analysis: Double blind, randomised controlled trials of people with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder comparing two or more doses of typical or atypical antipsychotics were eligible. Dose response curves were plotted and the median effective dose, defined as 50% of the maximum response (ED50), and the near maximal effective dose range (ED85 to ED95) was established f...

introduction: the aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety profile of bone palliative therapy following administration of 153sm-edtmp in patients with intractable metastatic bone pain. methods: sixteen patients (9 male, 7 female) aged 29-80 years (57.3±16.7 years) with severe metastasis-related bone pain resistant to analgesic medications were enrolled in the study. all...

Background: The equivalent dose in the human body due to the natural gamma-emitting radionucides (238U, 232Th and 40K) in the surface soil surrounding the Consolidated Tin mine site in Bukuru-Jos, Nigeria has been determined in this study. Materials and Methods: Measurements of the soil natural radioactivity were made using a multi-channel pulseheight analyzer (Canberra Series 10 plus) coupled ...

The airway response to the inhalation of ultrasonically nebulised distilled water was determined in 55 asthmatic patients and 16 normal subjects. We calculated the dose of water required to induce a 20% reduction (PD20) in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) by measuring the output of the nebuliser and the volume ventilated by each subject. Forty-eight of the asthmatic patients had a ...

Statistical analyses of nonmonotonic dose-response curves are proposed, experimental designs to detect low-dose effects of J-shaped curves are suggested, and sample sizes are provided. For quantal data such as cancer incidence rates, much larger numbers of animals are required than for continuous data such as biomarker measurements. For example, 155 animals per dose group are required to have a...

background: to evaluate the risk involved, there is need to know the quantum of personnel exposures in whole service. dose reports from an oncology centre over 7 block periods, 5 years each from 1979 till 2013 are analyzed. materials and methods: personnel monitoring (pm) reports till 1990s with film badges and later thermoluminescent (tl) badges (caso4.dy) were evaluated. 35 years total servic...

Introduction: One of scientific concern is increasing of unwanted neutron dose to the patient, in head and neck radiation therapy due to the presence of some isotopes in dental restorations and head of medical linac. The aim of this study is to measure the equivalent dose of thermal and fast neutron due to head of Siemens Primus Linac and a healthy tooth, Amalgam, Ni-Cr alloy a...

A general theory for the initial phase of T cell independent immune response is derived from elementary physical-chemical considerations and from the premise that response entails a quantized linkage of cell surface receptors. The theory leads to the construction of explicit antigen dose--response and antigen dose--suppression curves, to the calculation of intrinsic affinities for receptors, an...