The aim of this essay is to give an overview of the topic of intrinsic motivation based on psychological and neuroimaging research. More specifically, the objective is to give an overview of the various benefits of intrinsic motivation, discuss its relationship to extrinsic rewards, and review the existing neuroimaging research that has explicitly explored intrinsic motivation. A positive relat...

Term extraction tools extract candidate terms and annotate their occurrences in the texts. However, not all these occurrences are terminological and, at present, this is still a very challenging issue to distinguish when a candidate term is really used with a terminological meaning. The validation of term annotations is presented as a bi-classification model that classifies each term occurrence...

When addressing the type-token distinction and the problem of universals, an ontological theory will often allude to an instantiation relation. This relation is said to hold between a type and its corresponding token (instance), but is often not specified beyond this description. In this paper, we examine the nature of the instantiation relation in its various philosophical guises. One of the c...

People exhibit a tendency to generalize a novel noun to the basic-level in a hierarchical taxonomy – a cognitively salient category such as “dog” – with the degree of generalization depending on the number and type of exemplars. Recently, a change in the presentation timing of exemplars has also been shown to have an effect, surprisingly reversing the prior observed pattern of basic-level gener...

To store and search genomic databases efficiently, researchers have recently started building compressed self-indexes based on grammars. In this paper we show how, given a straight-line program with r rules for a string S[1..n] whose LZ77 parse consists of z phrases, we can store a self-index for S in O(r + z log log n) space such that, given a pattern P [1..m], we can list the occ occurrences ...

The nature of the information retained from previously fixated (and hence attended) objects in natural scenes was investigated. In a saccade-contingent change paradigm, participants successfully detected type and token changes (Experiment 1) or token and rotation changes (Experiment 2) to a target object when the object had been previously attended but was no longer within the focus of attentio...

The lack of high-quality in situ surface precipitation data over the global ocean so far limits the capability to validate satellite precipitation retrievals. The first systematic ship-based surface precipitation data set OceanRAIN (Ocean Rainfall And Ice-phase precipitation measurement Network) aims at providing a comprehensive statistical basis of in situ precipitation reference data from opt...

Extracting time expressions from free text is a fundamental task for many applications. We analyze time expressions from four different datasets and find that only a small group of words are used to express time information and that the words in time expressions demonstrate similar syntactic behaviour. Based on the findings, we propose a type-based approach named SynTime1 for time expression re...

Information Systems researchers often study artifacts in light of their purpose, use, and effects. Their research is often conducted relying on a socio-technical or sociomaterial based ontology. For these realism-based approaches, ever-present security vulnerabilities, conflate the properties of the digital artifact making it impossible to conceive of a universal artifact. This paper explores h...

It has often been argued that the (type or token) frequency of an affix in the lexicon cannot be used to predict the degree to which that affix is productive. Affix type frequency refers to the number of different words which contain an affix, token frequency refers to the summed lexical frequency of those words. The observation that neither of these counts relates straightforwardly to producti...