The conformational order of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium dodecylsulfonate (DDS), dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride (DTAC), and dodecylammonium chloride (DAC) adsorbed at the D2O/CCl4 interface has been examined by total internal reflection sum-frequency vibrational spectroscopy (VSFS). The vibrational sum-frequency spectra indicate the presence of gauche conformations in the hydrocarbon...

Proteins of the death domain (DD) superfamily mediate assembly of oligomeric signaling complexes for the activation of caspases and kinases via unknown mechanisms. Here we report the crystal structure of the PIDD DD and RAIDD DD complex, which forms the core of the caspase-2-activating complex PIDDosome. Although RAIDD DD and PIDD DD are monomers, they assemble into a complex that comprises sev...

– The theoretical analysis gives an overview of the functioning of DDS, especially with respect to noise and spurs. Different spur reduction techniques are studied in detail. Four ICs, which were the circuit implementations of the DDS, were designed. One programmable logic device implementation of the CORDIC based quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) modulator was designed with a separate D/A ...

Pareto archived dynamically dimensioned search (PA-DDS) has been modified to solve combinatorial multi-objective optimization problems. This new PA-DDS algorithm uses discrete-DDS as a search engine and archives all non-dominated solutions during the search. PA-DDS is also hybridized by a general discrete local search strategy to improve its performance near the end of the search. PA-DDS inheri...

The problem of nding the set of most relevant cases from a given database, with respect to the decision making situation at hand, is frequently encountered in many real-world domains. In the case-based reasoning framework this task is commonly known as the case matching problem. Case matching is an important problem in several commercially signiicant application areas, such as industrial conngu...

In past few decades, scientists have made tremendous advancement in the field of drug delivery systems (DDS), through transdermal pathway, as the skin represents a ready and large surface area for delivering drugs. Efforts are in progress to design efficient transdermal DDS that support sustained drug release at the targeted area for longer duration in the recommended therapeutic window without...

OBJECTIVE (S) This study examined the association between maternal and child dietary diversity in a population-based national sample in Ghana. METHODS The data for this analysis are from the 2008 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey. We used data obtained from 1187 dyads comprised of mothers' ages 15-49 and their youngest child (ages 6-36 months). Maternal and child dietary diversity scores (D...

飲む・吸うといった方法により粘膜組織を介してワクチン接種を行う「粘膜ワクチン」が注目されている。粘膜ワクチンの実用化には、デリバリーシステムやアジュバントの応用が必要不可欠である。ポリマーやナノゲル、リポソーム、微生物成分などのデリバリーシステムを用いることで、ワクチン抗原の粘膜組織への送達や滞留性が向上し、ワクチン効果を高めることができる。さらには、デリバリー機能に加えて、抗原提示細胞の活性化やT細胞応答の誘導制御などの免疫応答をコントロールできるアジュバント機能を付与することで、より有効性の高いワクチンの開発も試みられている。本稿では、各種ワクチンの対象に適した機能を付与できる次世代型のデリバリーシステムの開発を紹介したい。