This paper gives an overview of the difficulties associated with the design of hard rock pillars in South African mines. Recent examples of large scale pillar collapses in South Africa suggest that these were caused by weak partings which traversed the pillars. Currently two different methods are used to determine the strength of pillars, namely, empirical equations derived from back analyses o...

to assess seismic hazard, it is essential to estimate the potential seismicity, particularly estimation of size of the largest earthquake that can be identified by a distinct fault or earthquake source. one of the methods applied to estimate magnitude of earthquake is use of empirical relationships between magnitude and fault parameters. fault parameters for the earthquakes from early instrumen...

We prove that the Sacks forcing collapses the continuum onto d, answering the question of Carlson and Laver. Next we prove that if a proper forcing of the size at most continuum collapses ω2 then it forces ♦ω1 . Research partially supported by KBN 654/2/91 Research partially supported by “Basic Research Foundation” administered by The Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities. Publication 475.

Even during the current biodiversity crisis, reports on population collapses of highly abundant, non-harvested marine species were rare until very recently. This is starting to change, especially at the warm edge of species' distributions where populations are more vulnerable to stress. The Levant basin is the southeastern edge of distribution of most Mediterranean species. Coastal water condit...

Abstract The existing precast reinforced concrete structures not specifically designed against earthquakes have proved to be very sensitive seismic demands. After the lesson learnt from Emilia earthquake of May 2012, causing many collapses and severe damage, reliable design criteria been established for new strengthening ones. Despite this, a large percentage buildings in Italian territories ac...

Arches are an important part of the masonry architectural heritage and also serve as infrastructure for bridges culverts. The behavior testing structural health monitoring arches require effective measurement methods. There have been a lot methods applied regarding this subject, among which vision-based non-destructive very appealing. However, demands measuring accuracy range increase, labor ec...