background and aims. enterococci are gram-positive cocci that often occur in pairs (diplococci) or short chains. beside developing high level of antibiotic resistance, these bacteria can cause wide range of disease in human, thus to help provide an effective treatment for infections caused by this genus, this study was conceived to provide information on enterococcus faecalis antibiotic resista...

discussion our results indicated that agar screening was superior to oxacillin disk agar diffusion. a comparison between the antibiotic sensitivity patterns of the mrcns and the methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative staphylococci (mscns) showed that the mrcns were predominantly multiple-drug resistant isolates as the simultaneous resistance rate to 4 or more antibiotics in the mrcns and ms...

AIM the goal of this study is to understand the phenotype characteristic of beta-lactamase enzymes producing Enterobacteriaceae, such as ESBL, AmpC, and carbapenemase. METHODS three different methods are performed to confirm those phenotypic characteristics, namely double disk diffusion method to confirm ESBL, AmpC disk test (cefoxitin-based) to confirm AmpC, and modified Hodge test to confir...

Quality control (QC) ranges for antimicrobial agents against QC strains for both dilution and disk diffusion testing are currently set by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), using data gathered in predefined structured multilaboratory studies, so-called tier 2 studies. The ranges are finally selected by the relevant CLSI subcommittee, based largely on visual inspection and a...

To determine appropriate mupirocin susceptibility testing interpretive criteria, 177 staphylococci were tested by agar dilution, disk diffusion, and E test. E test was found to be a reliable method for determining susceptibility of staphylococci to mupirocin. The agar dilution and disk diffusion results were plotted on a scattergram, and error rates were calculated. No errors were found with su...

Early availability of antifungal susceptibilities can ensure timely institution of targeted therapy in candidemia, which can improve patient outcomes. This study prospectively determines the agreement between the results of direct testing of antifungal susceptibilities from blood culture bottles by disk diffusion and Etest and the results of standardized susceptibility testing methods; direct t...

Background and Objective: Nowadays, incidence of antibiotic-resistance among pathogenic bacteria has increased due to indiscriminate use of antimicrobial drugs for treatment of diseases, especially urinary tract infections. Medicinal plants are also of great importance as antibacterial agents. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the antibacterial effect of ethanolic extract of n...

Antifungal susceptibility of candida. To perform antifungal testing on candida isolates by disk diffusion method & study its pattern. The present was conducted in the department Microbiology a tertiary care hospital Hyderabad from January 2013 to June 2014, with prior approval Institutional Ethics Committee. designed test Candida Disk Diffusion Method and 102 were subjected using Mueller-Hi...

background beta-lactam resistance in gram-negative bacteria, especially escherichia coli, is a main clinical problem. it is often caused by the co-production of β-lactamases, particularly extended-spectrum β-lactamases (esbls) and ampc enzymes. it may lead to a problem for diagnosis via recommended phenotypic tests by the clinical and laboratory standards institute (clsi). conversely, β-lactama...

Algae are rich sources of amino acids, terpenoids, florentines, alkanes, halogenated ketones, steroidal compounds, fatty acids, and phenols that can be used in the pharmaceutical industry. The acetone and ethanol extracts, and the supernatant of the algae Chlorella vulgaris CCATM210-1, were used in this study. After culturing the Algae, and preparing the supernatant and extracts, the antibacter...