[1] We present a statistical analysis of the salient characteristics of current waveforms for 206 return strokes in 46 rocket-triggered lightning flashes. The flashes were triggered during a variety of experiments related to the interaction of lightning with power lines that were conducted from 1999 through 2004 at the International Center for Lightning Research and Testing at Camp Blanding, Fl...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of contrast display exposure on neuronal directional and spatial frequency tuning. Neuronal responses were recorded from ninety-four neurons in cortical areas 17 and 18 in two adult cats. METHODS A multi-channel microelectrode was implanted in cortical areas 17 and 18 of two paralyzed and anaesthetized cats. Various drifting sin...

OBJECTIVE Neuromuscular electrical stimulation that incorporates wide pulse widths (1ms) and high frequencies (100Hz; wide pulse-NMES (WP-NMES)) augments contractions through an increased reflexive recruitment of motoneurons in individuals without neurological impairments and those with spinal cord injury. The current study was designed to investigate whether WP-NMES also augments contractions ...

Ahtract -A computer-aided sjnthesis design procedure is given for nonuniform quadrature directional couplers in inhomogeneous media. A wiggly geometry is employed which effective11 slows the odd-mode phase veloci5 to match the even-mode phase velocity. The wiggly geometry results in improved isolation and increased effective dielectric constant. This technique provides a shorter coupler length ...

In this paper, we study the antenna orientation problem concerning symmetric connectivity in directional wireless sensor networks. We are given a set of nodes each of which is equipped with one directional antenna with beam-width θ = 2π/3 and is initially assigned a transmission range 1 that yields a connected unit disk graph spanning all nodes. The objective of the problem is to compute an ori...

In the present study, we investigated how directional tuning of putative pyramidal cells is sharpened by inhibition from neighboring interneurons. First, different functional and electrophysiological criteria were used to identify putative pyramidal and interneuronal subtypes in a large database of motor cortical cells recorded during performance of the three-dimensional center-out task. Then w...

We examine whether human observers have explicit access to an estimate of their own uncertainty in extrapolating the motion trajectories of moving objects. Objects moved across a display area at constant speed changing direction at short time intervals. Each new direction was obtained by adding a random perturbation to the previous direction. The perturbation distribution was always symmetric w...

A compact Ultra wideband (UWB) antenna with bandnotched characteristic is presented in this paper. It has compact size of 30 mm x 31mm and has ultra wide band operation. A ‘C’ shaped slot was introduced to achieve band notch function from 4.8 GHz to 6 GHz to avoid interference from WLAN. The proposed antenna has ultra wide band frequency range from 3 GHz to 11.5 GHz for return loss below -10 dB...

Two well-known methods for the design of quasicrystal models are used to create novel nonlinear optical devices. These devices are useful for efficient three-wave mixing of several different processes, and therefore offer greater flexibility with respect to the more common periodic nonlinear photonic crystals. We demonstrate applications for polarization switching as well as multi-wavelength an...

This paper introduces a bi-directional DC-DC converter with adaptive fuzzy logic controller (AFLC). Bi-directional power flow is obtained by the same power components and provides a simple, efficient, and galvanically isolated converter. In the presence of DC mains, the converter operates as buck converter, powers the down stream converter, and also charges the battery. When the DC mains fails,...