[1] Global maps of lightning occurrence are combined with ray tracing propagation calculations to form a direction-sensitive model of atmospheric noise. The model suggests a very complex directional behavior that can vary strongly with location, time, season, sunspot number, and frequency. It is shown that the directional variability of noise, when coupled with the directional variability of an...

The use of directional antenna in wireless ad hoc networks potentially increases simultaneous communication by directing the transmitting and receiving beams towards the receiver and transmitter node as compared to omni-directional antenna, where nodes in the vicinity of a communication are kept silent. However, in order to implement effective directional MAC protocol using directional antenna,...

Based on the features of the OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) and the SFN (Single Frequency Network) techniques used in the modern digital TV broadcasting systems, for example, the European DVB-T, a compact planar antenna is developed. This antenna is operated in the UHF band and owns the characteristics of horizontal polarization reception and wideband. To meet the wideband op...

It is extremely important in many technological areas to provide stable wireless secure communication. A significant contribution the final result made by shape of transmitter antenna, and more precisely, signal directional pattern this antenna. For cases where a portion system requirements remain unknown, generally best approach will be follow universality. But, if for are precisely defined, i...

Various wideband antennas have been interesting subjects in antenna designs and have found important applications in military and civilian systems. For examples, the super-wideband (SWB) antenna is a key component of electronic counterwork equipment in the information warfare; while the ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna is widely used in impulse radar and communication systems. With the development ...

A compact design of a circularly-polarized (CP) microstrip antenna to achieve dual-band behavior for WiMAX applications is presented. A single-layered feed is used to excite a single square patch integrated with a novel asymmetrical slot and two different truncated corners to achieve CP polarization in both bands. Besides its structural simplicity, ease of fabrication and low cost, the proposed...

In this paper, a novel wideband microstrip-fed quasi-Yagi antenna is presented. The proposed quasi-Yagi antenna consists of a microstrip-fed monopole, three radiating patches (two square patches and a rectangular patch), and three parasitic strip elements as the function of reflector. In order to achieve wide bandwidth, two parasitical patches are etched on both sides of the substrate. Furtherm...

antenna structures with low side lobe levels are normally the main goal during antenna design. in this paper, a new method for reduction of radiation pattern side lobe level in phased array antenna with uniform and non-uniform weighting is presented. in this method, by changing the array elements weight or adding several elements, such as slc technique, the pattern with low side lobe level can ...

Mobile terminals are often used indoor with the base station outdoors. At the mobile terminal the major part of the signal energy comes through openings in the building such as windows. Typically, only one of the sides in a room has windows, and seldom does a room have windows on all sides. Hence, the dominating signal can be expected to arrive at the mobile terminal from a narrow range of angl...