Gapped excitation spectra of Andreev states are studied in oneand two-dimensional (1D and 2D) normal systems in superconducting contacts subject to a parallel magnetic field. In the ballistic regime, a specific interplay between magnetic field spin splitting and the effect of a screening supercurrent is found to preserve timereversal symmetry for certain groups of Andreev states remaining gappe...

In mass spectrometer design, there has been a historic belief that there exists a fundamental trade-off between instrument size, throughput, and resolution. When miniaturizing a traditional system, performance loss in either resolution or throughput would be expected. However, in optical spectroscopy, both one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) aperture coding have been used for many yea...

Non-Fermi liquid behavior is found for the first time in a two-dimensional (2D) system with non-singular interactions using Haldane’s bosonization scheme. The bosonized system is solved exactly by a generalized Bogoliubov transformation. The fermion momentum distribution, calculated using a generalized Mattis-Lieb technique, exhibits a non-universal power law in the vicinity of the Fermi surfac...

I study the zero-temperature phase transition between superfluid and insulating ground states of the Bose-Hubbard model in a random chemical potential and at large integer average number of particles per site. Duality transformation maps the pure Bose-Hubbard model onto the sine-Gordon theory in one dimension (1D), and onto the three dimensional Higgs electrodynamics in two dimensions (2D). In ...

Dimensionality in metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors: A comparison of one-dimensional and two-dimensional ballistic transistors" (2008). One-dimensional ͑1D͒ and two-dimensional ͑2D͒ metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors are compared using an approach based on the top-of-the-barrier ballistic transport model. The results for model devices show that 1D and 2D transistors...

IV. Quantum anomalous Hall effect in a T -violating topological insulator model 10 A. 1d model 10 B. 2d model 12 C. Quantized Hall conductivity of the 2d bulk system topological invariant 13 1. Bulk eigen-states 13 2. Coupling to an external constant electric field Adiabatic eigen-states 14 3. Time-dependent perturbation theory based on adiabatic eigen-states 14 4. Adiabatic current 15 5. Hall ...

in this paper, the two-dimensional triangular orthogonal functions (2d-tfs) are applied for solving a class of nonlinear two-dimensional volterra integral equations. 2d-tfs method transforms these integral equations into a system of linear algebraic equations. the high accuracy of this method is verified through a numerical example and comparison of the results with the other numerical methods.

A three-dimensional (3D) X-ray tomographic micro-imaging system has been developed. The optical system is based on a scanning-imaging X-ray microscope (SIXM) optics, which is a hybrid system consisting of a scanning microscope optics with a one-dimensional (1D) focusing (line-focusing) device and an imaging microscope optics with a 1D objective. In the SIXM system, each 1D dataset of a two-dime...

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is the most widely used nondestructive technique in analytical chemistry. In recent years, it has been applied to metabolic profiling due to its high reproducibility, capacity for relative and absolute quantification, atomic resolution, and ability to detect a broad range of compounds in an untargeted manner. While one-dimensional (1D) (1)H NMR experiments are p...