The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the structure of reactive dye on cotton ink-jet printing. Cotton fabric was printed upon with three commercial cellulosic reactive dyes which are based on the similar chromophore and possess different numbers of reactive and anionic groups. Colour yield and absorbed dye fixation of the printed cotton were evaluated at various pHs. The i...

The Yule-Nielsen modified spectral Neugebauer model enables predicting reflectance spectra from surface coverages. In order to provide high prediction accuracy, this model is enhanced with an ink spreading model accounting for physical dot gain. Traditionally, physical dot gain, also called mechanical dot gain, is modeled by one ink spreading curve per ink. An ink spreading curve represents the...

This study investigated ink penetration through imaging technology, first by gray and contour mapping and then calculating the ink penetration depth by programing. Next, a series of further analyses were carried out, including average ink permeability, ink distributions, and printability of different uncoated inkjet paper with different parameters. The impact on ink penetration of the microstru...

An algorithm is described to select a set of six inks from a given ink database for a spectral-based six-color printing system which minimizes metamerism. Since there are C(n, 6) ink combinations for an ink database containing n inks, the number of ink combinations is a geometric figure when n is large. There are obviously impossible ink combinations which can be removed analytically. Vector co...

in this study, deinkability of old newspaper by conventional method and the effect of washing, flotation and combined washing/flotation processes were investigated on optical and superficial properties of the produced papers. the results from measuring of the optical and superficial properties indicated that using chemical treatment time of 20 minute and one stage washing resulted the papers wi...

Chinese ink painting is a traditional art that is over three thousand years old. It is a type of non-photorealistic rendering. However, research on Chinese ink painting is scarce. Simulating the behavior of Chinese ink is challenging work because ink moves in a complex manner. This paper presents a new method for simulating ink diffusion based on observation and analysis. The proposed method ca...

The marine snail Aplysia californica obtains its defensive ink exclusively from a diet of red seaweed. It stores the pigment (phycoerythrobilin, the red algal photosynthetic pigment, r-phycoerythrin, minus its protein) in muscular ink-release vesicles within the ink gland. Snails fed a diet of green seaweed or romaine lettuce do not secrete ink and their ink-release vesicles are largely devoid ...

The optical and paramagnetic properties of size-controlled ink particles isolated from ink sacs of Sepia officinalis were investigated. Topographic images of atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed that the average heights of the large and small ink particles were 156 nm and 5.3 nm respectively. The ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) spectral features of aqueous solutions of ink particles were depende...