The most important single factor affecting the efficiency of protein utilization is the profile of digestible essential amino acids entering the small intestine. Assuming a constant ideal amino acid profile of absorbed protein the requirements of all amino acids can be calculated when the requirement of one individual amino acid has been determined. In non-ruminants, the supply will be greatly ...

This study characterized and compared 13 gluten-free (GF) flours (rice, brown rice, maize, oat, millet, teff, amaranth, buckwheat, quinoa, chickpea, gram, tiger nut, plantain) for their nutritional functional properties. For all GF investigated, starch was the major component, except nut with lower content (<45%), but higher fiber (8.8–35.4%). The amount of calcium, magnesium, zinc, potassiu...

Pearl millet, commonly known as bulrush millet is one of the most significant crops grown in arid and semiarid regions world. belongs to family Poaceae, subfamily Panicoideae. critically important for food nutritional security it possesses several advantages such early maturing, drought tolerance, requiring minimum purchase inputs, being mostly free from biotic abiotic stresses. Its grains have...

The aim of the present research is to investigate the profile of amino acid of Chlorella vulgaris supplemented with some plant amino acid and oil extracts. The bioactive oil and amino acid from four Iranian medicinal plants, namely Oliveria decumbens, Thymus kotschyanus, Trachyspermum ammi, and Zataria multiflora were obtained. The LC-MS / MS analysis demonstrated that the major amino acids com...

Bacillus subtilis var. natto N21 (BS) and different lactic acid bacteria were applied to produce two-stage fermented feeds. Broilers were fed these feeds to select the best fermented feed. The selected fermented feed was pelleted and investigated for its effects on growth performance, carcass traits, intestinal microflora, serum biochemical constituents, and apparent ileal nutrient digestibilit...

The nutritional value or quality of dietary proteins used for poultry feed formulation varies: amino acid availability is an important measure of protein quality. Determination of ileal digestibility values has become the preferred method for estimating amino acid availability. This review discusses the different approaches to the expression of digestibility results, including correction for en...

An experiment was conducted to determine the standardized ileal digestible amino acid (AA) and AMEn contents of expeller-extracted canola meal (EECM) fed to broiler chicks. One hundred forty-four broiler chicks were divided into 24 groups of 6 birds balanced for BW and fed 4 diets in a completely randomized design (6 groups per diet) from d 14 to 21 of age. The diets were a corn-soybean meal-ba...

Protein supplementation during resistance exercise training augments hypertrophic gains. Protein ingestion and the resultant hyperaminoacidemia provides the building blocks (indispensable amino acids - IAA) for, and also triggers an increase in, muscle protein synthesis (MPS), suppression of muscle protein breakdown (MPB), and net positive protein balance (i.e., MPS > MPB). The key amino acid t...