in the current study, the effects of ethanol (etoh) on toxicokinetics of methamphetamine (ma) and its metabolite amphetamine (ap) were investigated. a single dose of ma hydrochloride at 15 mg/kg was given intragastrically, either alone (ma group; n = 8) or in conjunction with 3 g/kg etoh (ma+etoh group; n = 8) to rabbits. in placebo group, normal saline only was given (placebo group; n = 4). pl...

Clathrin associated adaptor protein is involved in endocytosis at the plasma membrane (AP-2) and protein sorting at the Golgi membrane (AP-1). There is a great deal of information available on the structure, function and binding characteristics of AP-2, however, there is little quantitative data on the AP-2 distribution at the membrane. Image correlation spectroscopy is a technique which yields...

Aminopyridines (2-AP, 3-AP, and 4-AP) selectively block K channels of squid axon membranes in a manner dependent upon the membrane potential and the duration and frequency of voltage clamp pulses. They are effective when applied to either the internal or the external membrane surface. The steady-state block of K channels by aminopyridines is more complete for low depolarizations, and is gradual...

Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-3 (TIMP-3) is an extracellular-matrix-associated protein that suppresses tumorigenicity or invasion in several model systems. We have identified, by in vitro footprinting, six AP-1 (activator protein-1) or AP-1-like binding sites in the mouse TIMP-3 promoter that bind purified c-Jun homodimers. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays revealed that the non-co...

2 AP Development Process .................................................................2 2.1 AP Project Definition...................................................................................2 2.2 AP Information Requirements .....................................................................4 2.3 AP Interpretation..........................................................................

The ionic bases of the "positive" afterpotential (ap) have been examined in the so-called DInhi neurons of the central nervous system of Cryptomphallus aspersa. In these cells E(K) has been determined and its value compared with the equilibrium, potential of the ap (E(ap)). It has been found that in half of the studied cells the E(K) value is very close to E(ap) whereas in another half, the dif...