Thinning and prescribed fire are widely used to restore fire-suppressed forests, yet there are few studies of their effectiveness in Sierran mixed-conifer forest. We compared stand conditions in replicated plots before and after a combination of thinning and burning treatments against a reconstruction of the same forest in 1865. The historical forest had 67 stems/ha (trees ‡5 cm DBH), equal per...

one of the most visible aspects of a forest stand structure is the spatial patterns of trees. competition affects on forest structure and its understanding is important, when the purpose of forest management is to imitate the dynamic of natural ecosystems. for this purpose, an unmanaged intact forest was selected with 26 hectares area. all chestnut leaf oak (quercus castaneifolia) trees with a ...

Abstract To improve the accuracy of erosion prediction, effect subsequent particles impacting same area while first single particle rebounds from substrate must be considered. This issue has rarely been considered in studies pertaining to damage. In present study, ABAQUS software is used investigate crater morphology and stress distribution on a target material subjected overlapping impacts sph...

Ceres' regolith contains water ice that has receded in response to insolation-driven sublimation. Specially targeted, high spatial-resolution measurements of hydrogen by Dawn's Gamma Ray and Neutron Detector (GRaND) reveal elevated concentrations around Occator, a young, 90 km diameter, complex crater located at 19.82°N where near-surface is not expected. The excess can be explained impact exca...

We analyze the galaxy distribution functions for voids and counts-in-cells using the IRAS catalog. Angular diameter scales, the largest probed to date, range from 0:5 to 30 , corresponding to linear diameters < 40h ?1 Mpc. The analysis develops a new technique which has no free parameters. On all scales, the results agree closely with the predictions of simple gravitational galaxy clustering. T...

The objective of this study was to introduce application of the Richards equation on modelling and prediction of stand diameter distribution. The long-term repeated measurement data sets, consisted of 309 diameter frequency distributions from Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) plantations in the southern China, were used. Also, 150 stands were used as fitting data, the other 159 stands were ...

The wood anatomy of ring-porous trees presents difficulties of description and measurement. Information regarding the distribution of vessel diameters within the yearly growth increment may be of use of interpreting wood anatomy and function. Two distributional patterns can be recognized in the trunk xylem of the five ring-porous species investigated. The following terms are proposed: graduated...

Introduction In this abstract we show that the diffusion-weighted (DW) signal from the extracellular space can be used to estimate white matter microstructure parameters, such as axon diameter distribution and volume fraction. A key challenge in Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (DWI) is to estimate more specific features of tissue microstructure than existing methods such as Diffusion Tensor Imaging ...