Acute control of blood pressure on haemodialysis (HD) should be differentiated from chronic BP control; Hypertension in HD is multi-factorial; Patients requiring total ultrafiltration volume greater than 2.5 kg may have an elevation in pre-systolic and pre-diastolic BPs; Larger fluid removals of range >10-13ml/hour/kg are associated with increased all cause and cardiovascular mortality; Both pr...

BACKGROUND/AIMS The aim of this study was to evaluate the peritonitis-causing bacteria detected in peritoneal fluid using a blood culture bottle in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). METHODS One-hundred and eleven dialysates from 43 patients suspected of peritonitis related to CAPD were retrospectively evaluated between May 2000 and February 2008. In all cas...

BACKGROUND Although associated with severe clinical complications, phosphate remains a neglected ion. Additionally, phosphate balance during continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is complex and multifunctional. The present retrospective study investigated the effects of phosphate-containing CRRT fluid on phosphate homeostasis. METHODS We retrospectively analysed 112 patients treated wit...

Around 5% of patients receiving renal replacement therapy in Spain are on peritoneal dialysis. Anatomical integrity of the peritoneum is essential since increased hydrostatic pressure due to peritoneal accumulation of dialysis fluid predisposes to abdominal or pelvic hernias or chest leakage via the embryonic pneumatoenteric recess.1 We report the case of a 3-year-old girl with a history of Fin...

BACKGROUND Conventional lactate-buffered peritoneal dialysis fluids containing glucose as the osmotic agent have been shown to compromise important peritoneal host defence functions. The current study employed an in vitro model using activated peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes (PBMC) for the preclinical biocompatibility assessment of a novel bicarbonate-buffered peritoneal dialysis fluid ...

1. Twenty-three peritoneal dialyses with fluid containing 45 mEq lactate per litre were carried out on six patients with acute or chronic renal failure. During dialysis arterial blood pH and base excess rose. 2. The lactate ions were rapidly and almost completely absorbed from the fluid in the peritoneal cavity. Blood lactate concentration rose, but in patients with adequate liver function it d...

1. In eight patients being treated by chronic dialysis the relation of magnesium metabolism to the magnesium concentration of the dialysate was investigated. During four periods of 2-6 weeks the magnesium concentrations of the dialysis fluid were 0'44±0'15 mg/IOO ml, 0'70±0'24 mg/IOO ml, 1'83±0'18 mg/IOO ml and 1'97±0'21 mg/IOO ml. 2. During all periods the concentration of plasma magnesium and...

The efficacy and safety of icodextrin has been well established. In this paper, we will discuss the pharmacokinetics and biocompatibility of icodextrin and its clinical effect on fluid management in peritoneal dialysis patients. Novel strategies for its prescription for peritoneal dialysis patients with inadequate ultrafiltration are reviewed.

Fluid overload (FO) is a common complication for pediatric patients in the intensive care unit. When conventional therapy fails, hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis is classically used for fluid removal. Unfortunately, these therapies are often associated with cardiovascular or respiratory instability. Ultrafiltration, using devices such as the Aquadex™ system (Baxter Healthcare, Deerfield, IL,...

A mathematical model for fluid transport in peritoneal dialysis is constructed. The model is based on a three-component nonlinear system of two-dimensional partial differential equations for fluid, glucose and albumin transport with the relevant boundary and initial conditions. Non-constant steady-state solutions of the model are studied. The restrictions on the parameters arising in the model ...