OBJECTIVE To evaluate the validity of quantitative ultrasound bone sonometry (QUBS) as a screening tool for the diagnosis of osteoporosis in children with chronic rheumatic diseases (CRD), compared to the conventional dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). METHODS Forty children with CRD [32 with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), 6 with systemic lupus erythematosus, and 2 with dermatomyo...

25-hydroxyvitamin-D (25[OH]D) and Dual-energy x-ray Background absorptiometry (DEXA) are routinely evaluated in bone health clinics, but existing literature is conflicting with regard to whether these factors predict fragility fractures. We hypothesized that both serum 25(OH)D levels and bone density are lower in patients who have sustained fragility fracture(s) prior to initial presentation co...

25-hydroxyvitamin-D (25[OH]D) and Dual-energy x-ray Background absorptiometry (DEXA) are routinely evaluated in bone health clinics, but existing literature is conflicting with regard to whether these factors predict fragility fractures. We hypothesized that both serum 25(OH)D levels and bone density are lower in patients who have sustained fragility fracture(s) prior to initial presentation co...

BACKGROUND Accurate body composition assessment is critical to identify children who are overfat or obese. Unlike BMI measures, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) differentiates between lean and fat mass. However, bioelectrical impedance analysis has historically had questionable reliability and validity in children. The aim of this study was to determine the reliability, validity, and diag...

The present study assessed the beneficial skeletal muscle‑preserving effects of extracellular polysaccharides from Aureobasidium pullulans SM‑2001 (Polycan) (EAP) on dexamethasone (DEXA)‑induced catabolic muscle atrophy in mice. To investigate whether EAP prevented catabolic DEXA‑induced muscle atrophy, and to examine its mechanisms of action, EAP (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) was administered orall...

BACKGROUND Lean body mass (LBM) is an important nutritional measure representing muscle mass and somatic protein in hemodialysis patients, for whom we developed and tested equations to estimate LBM. STUDY DESIGN A study of diagnostic test accuracy. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS The development cohort included 118 hemodialysis patients with LBM measured using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)...

Ireland has an ageing population and the elderly are over-represented in Emergency Departments (ED)--a quarter of these presentations resulting from falls. A prospective study design was employed using a convenience sample to profile elderly fallers referred for physiotherapy in ED. Forty-subjects were assessed over 14 weeks. Mean age was 84.88 years (s.d. 7.3) and 31 (77.5%) were female. All d...

Background: osteoporosis is characterized by a reduction in bone mineral density, skeletal microstructure breakdown, increased fragility, and fracture susceptibility. Osteopenia the preceding step to because it causes decrease mass, reduces person's quality of life. Periostin (encoded Postn), its name derived from fact that was first detected periosteal osteocytes osteoblasts. deficiency has be...