The International Research Institute for Climate and Society (IRI) began providing user-oriented climate information, including outlooks, in the late 1990s. Its climate products are intended to meet the needs of decision makers in various sectors of society such as agriculture, water management, health, disaster management, energy, education and others. They try to link the current state of the...

The paper presents different approaches to personality disorders. The authors critically discuss the contemporary categorical psychiatrie (medical) classification and also present psychological approaches with the special attention put to personality trait theories and stemming from them the Five Factor Model (FFM). Due to the coming time of the publication of a new revision of the American cla...

The purpose of this study was to review the pharmacognostic characteristics of Sasang type-specific medical herbs and suggest biological mechanisms that might be related to the personalized treatment of the East. Major compounds and their pharmacological activities of medical herbs for each Sasang types were systematically reviewed. The pharmacognostic characteristics of its main compounds were...

A collection of questions about Bitcoin and its hypothetical relatives Bitguilder and Bitpenny is formulated. These questions concern technical issues about protocols, security issues, issues about the formalizations of informational monies in various contexts, and issues about forms of use and misuse. Some questions are formulated in the more general setting of informational monies and near-mo...

Due to enormous resource consumption, model checking each revision of evolving systems repeatedly is impractical. To reduce cost in checking every revision, contextual assumptions are reused from assumeguarantee reasoning. However, contextual assumptions are not always reusable. We propose a fine-grained learning technique to maximize the reuse of contextual assumptions. Based on fine-grained l...

We propose a new specifically designed method for paraphrase generation based on Monte-Carlo sampling and show how this algorithm is suitable for its task. Moreover, the basic algorithm presented here leaves a lot of opportunities for future improvement. In particular, our algorithm does not constraint the scoring function in opposite to Viterbi based decoders. It is now possible to use some gl...

Hologram technology has attracted a great deal of interest in wide range optical fields owing to its potential use future applications, such as holographic imaging and data storage. Although there have been considerable efforts develop technologies using conventional optics, critical issues still hinder their development. A metasurface, an emerging multifunctional device, can manipulate the pha...

This review summarizes and discusses the representative fabrication methods related CDI performance metrics for fabricating freestanding/binder-free electrodes. The remaining challenges future outlooks are also discussed emphasized.