Infection of asthmatics with human rhinovirus (HRV) enhances airway eosinophilia and airways hyperreactivity. The current studies were performed to further characterize HRV-induced generation by human bronchial epithelial cells of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), a cytokine that could contribute to airway eosinophilia by increasing the survival and activation of eosino...

S-nitrosation of mitochondrial proteins has been proposed to contribute to the pathophysiological interactions of nitric oxide (NO) and its derivatives with mitochondria but has not been shown directly. Furthermore, little is known about the mechanism of formation or the fate of these putative S-nitrosothiols. Here we have determined whether mitochondrial membrane protein thiols can be S-nitros...

The aim of this work was to investigate the role of nitric oxide (NO) on the macromolecular exocytotic function of human epithelial cells. We tested the effects of two NO-generating drugs, i.e. 1-hexanamine 6-(2-hydroxy-1-methyl-2-nitrosohydrazine)-N-methyl (MAHMA NONOate) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP), on mucin exocytosis from the human colonic epithelial HT29-Cl.16E cell line. Our results sh...

An increase in the association of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) with endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS) is well recognized for increasing NO (NO*) production. Despite the progress in this field, the mechanisms by which HSP90 modulates eNOS remain unclear due, in part, to the fact that geldanamycin (GA) redox cycles to generate superoxide anion (O(2)(-*) and the fact that inhibiting H...

The aim of the present investigation was to elucidate further the importance of p38 MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) in nitric oxide- and cytokine-induced beta-cell death. For this purpose, isolated human islets were treated with d-siRNA (diced small interfering RNA) and then exposed to the nitric oxide donor DETA/NONOate [2,2'-(hydroxynitrosohydrazono)bis-ethanamine]. We observed that c...

Studies were conducted to determine whether the diffusion of NO from the renal medullary thick ascending limb (mTAL) to the contractile pericytes of surrounding vasa recta was reduced and, conversely, whether diffusion of oxygen free radicals was enhanced in the salt-sensitive Dahl S rat (SS/Mcwi). Angiotensin II ([Ang II] 1 micromol/L)-stimulated NO and superoxide (O(2)(*-)) production were im...

Although both nitric oxide (NO) and glutamate within the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) are important mediators of the central cardiovascular regulation, little is known about the functional interactions between these two mediators. Herein, we investigated the possible role of NO on the glutamatergic transmission of RVLM neurons. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings were performed on visuali...

C-type dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons express three types of Na+ currents: fast TTX-sensitive, slow TTX-resistant, and persistent TTX-resistant Na+ currents. The nitric oxide (NO) donors papa-NONOate and S-nitroso-N-acetyl-DL-penicillamine inhibit all three types of Na+ currents. The NO scavenger hemoglobin abolished the effects of papa-NONOate on Na+ currents, indicating that NO or NO-rela...

A novel strategy to control membrane bioreactor (MBR) biofouling using the nitric oxide (NO) donor compound PROLI NONOate was examined. When the biofilm was pre-established on membranes at transmembrane pressure (TMP) of 88-90 kPa, backwashing of the membrane module with 80 μM PROLI NONOate for 45 min once daily for 37 days reduced the fouling resistance (Rf ) by 56%. Similarly, a daily, 1 h ex...

The release of ATP from erythrocytes involves a signal transduction pathway of which cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, PKA, adenylyl cyclase, and the heterotrimeric G proteins G(s) and G(i) are components. In the pulmonary circulation, ATP released from the erythrocyte stimulates nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, thereby regulating vascular resistance. We reported that NO liberate...