Ways of guiding people from a given location to specific other locations are discussed. Different classes of wayfinding tasks are distinguished. Various parameters that influence the suitability of certain wayfinding aids for specific wayfinding tasks are identified. Maps are compared with verbal route descriptions and the respective advantages of the two wayfinding aids are discussed. Spatiall...

This chapter discusses the available literature relating to the cost of care and support for people who are infected and affected by HIV/AIDS. The focus is primarily on orphans for this allows us to acknowledge the need for HIV/AIDS management interventions to incorporate those affected, but not necessarily infected by HIV/AIDS, and to cover the issue of ‘support’. We conclude the chapter by ou...

OBJECTIVES To determine the amount of public financing for HIV/AIDS in California and its distribution among treatment, prevention, and support services. To determine the geographical distribution of public financing for HIV/AIDS within California. DESIGN Data on HIV/AIDS expenditures were compiled across federal and state agencies supporting HIV/AIDS in fiscal year 2008. METHODS Federal an...

OBJECTIVE Despite considerable advances in the prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS, the burden of new infections of HIV and AIDS varies substantially across the country. Previous studies have demonstrated associations between increased healthcare spending and better HIV/AIDS outcomes; however, less is known about the association between spending on social services and public health spending an...

the number of sexual transmission of hiv is increasing globally. sexual and reproductive health (srh) issues and hiv/aids related problems are rooted in common grounds such as poverty, gender inequality, and social exclusion. as a result, international health organizations have suggested the integration of srh services with hiv/aids services as a strategy to control hiv and to improve people’s ...

The number of sexual transmission of HIV is increasing globally. Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH) issues and HIV/AIDS related problems are rooted in common grounds such as poverty, gender inequality, and social exclusion. As a result, international health organizations have suggested the integration of SRH services with HIV/AIDS services as a strategy to control HIV and to improve people’s ...

To conduct a scoping review on the literature visual aids in health education for persons with low-literacy. A methodology was employed. Pre-defined selection criteria identified 47 studies inclusion. Data were extracted relation to: (a) definitions of low-literacy and literacy, (b) population studied, (c) research country, (d) consent procedures, (e) used, (f) development aids, (g) targeted ou...